Heey Izhar Sagheer

Check the remanent magnetization (Mr). The Mr value approximates the spontaneous magnetization for ferromagnetic materials. In a ferromagnetic material, this value is non-zero due to the alignment of magnetic domains that persists without an external field, so Mr gives​ an reliable estimate of spontaneous magnetization.

Best,

Gabriel Vinicius

Thanks Gabriel Vinicius But my material is not ferromagnetic. Its antiferro and ferri as well. So what to do now? They can have very few spontaneously aligned domains.

Heey Izhar Sagheer

As you have a mixed-phase ordering, my understanding is that the antiferromagnetic won't give you any contribution on the spontaneous magnetization. The ferrimagnetic phase, on the other hand, will. Your hysteresis loop shows saturation, remanent magnetization, and coercivity, similar to ferromagnets. However, due to the mixed-phase nature of your sample, the Ms and Mr​ values are smaller than they would be in a purely ferromagnetic sample (qualitatively they'll appear the same). Thus, you can still use Mr​ as a practical reference for spontaneous magnetization, I guess. Perhaps, temperature-dependent magnetization, field-cooling and zero-field-cooling, or exchange bias measurements may give a more precise Mr value.

Good luck,

Best,

Gabriel Vinicius