Presently i have been working on synthesis of doped TiO2 , planning to dope Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Iron. My queries is the basis of selection of proper dopant and Titanium precursor of the said purposes. I want to know the basic consideration and scientific explanation for choosing for aforesaid purposes. Meanwhile for doped mesoporous TiO2 synthesis, which kind of Surfactant is desirable for same purposes.
This is a basic and most important to know the chemistry of choosing a suitable dopant for the purpose you are designing. Anything can't be doped. For doping by substitution you should keep in mind two things a) tollence factor which is size factor ; it should be within the tollence limit. b) Charge neutrality. The overall charge should be compensated. There might be very small deviation (delta) from charge neutrality which will cause defects (metal excess or metal deficient) thereby create vacancy. All these have to be done presuming your purpose.
Hello,
That depended on ionic radius and work function ..
Pt is best to dope on TiO2 because Pt is have low ionic radius and high work function at miller index (111) compared with Ti in TiO2
please, see the following manuscripe
Hi! You can choose Titanium butaoxide as a precursor of titanium, ionic liquid 1-butyl-3-methyl imidazoliumhexafluorophosphate (BmimPF6) as a source of phosphorus dopant and Iron nitrate nonahydrate as a source of Iron dopant.
For nitrogen doping, you can perform the experiments in a sealed quartz reactor, in which nitrogen gas is passed through a saturated system filled with aqueous ammonia solution. Find the attachment below.
The TiO2 doping with cations or anions have been analyzed in review articles such as ( Article Advanced Nanoarchitectures for Solar Photocatalytic Applications
). As you mentioned, size (in turn connected with oxidation state), doping process nature (interstitial, substitutional, multiple positions) and defect chemistry (related to all above parameters) can be the most critical parameters.More complicate case appears the "anion-cation" co-doping as it can render non-additive effects in charge compensation defects. For example, we studied apparently "simple" cases like N-W and the system is rather complex.
Most commonly used Titanium precursors are titanium isopropoxide and titanium butoxide.
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