Use of energy is highly related to irrigation. It is very difficult for an irrigation scientist to determine relationship with expenditure of energy. Most useful practical approach and its relevance for policy making is the need of the hour. Hence, how do I proceed for developing relationship (s) for different irrigated crop production systems in different locations or regions.
Enegy and Water Nexus is a well perceived area of research. It is more relevant in groundwater based irrigation systems. It needs interdisciplinary approaches. More insights can be derived by linking agronomic crop models with economic ones. If you are not interested in modelling, then you can look at efficiency of energy use (eg: pumping) with repect to crop production systems/practices in different Locations using statistical approaches.
Dear Ts Amjath Babu
Thank you so much for your answer. Well, I'm interested in modeling also. Can you suggest a few paper on this line of research?
KG Mandal
It will be energy spent on pumping the water as well as energy of labour used in applying that water
The relationship is provided by the following formula:
P(kW)=(QxH)/(0.036xnpxnm)
Q (discharge)
·Gross irrigation requirement
oCrop
oClimate
oSystem efficiency
oLeaching fraction
·Time available
oManagement (Tariff)
oAutomated/Manual system
oSoil characteristics
·Size of the system (ha)
H (pressure requirement)
·System working pressure
·Static Height
oTopography
oBoreholes
·Friction loss
oType of pipe, Length, diameter
oFlow rate (Q)
Pump station
·Single / Multiple pumps
·VSD
·Pump and motor efficiencies
dear KG Mandal
I can suggest the following documents I hope will be useful
1.-http://www.nswfarmers.org.au/__data/assets/pdf_file/0010/35857/Energy-Irrigation-Saving-energy-in-irrigation.pdf
2.-http://www.irrigationfutures.org.au/imagesdb/news/tamarajacksonthesis.pdf
3.-http://www.scirp.org/journal/PaperInformation.aspx?PaperID=33642 in http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/jwarp.2013.57068
4.-Modelling the effects of sprinkler irrigation uniformity on crop yield http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/037837749501159G
5.-Rodríguez-Díaz, J. A. "The Importance of Improving Energy Efficiency in Irrigated Areas." Irrigat Drainage Sys Eng 2 (2013): e117.
6.-The paradox of irrigation scheme modernization: more efficient water use linked to higher energy demand J. A. Rodríguez-Díaz1 *, L. Pérez-Urrestarazu2 , E. Camacho-Poyato1 and P. Montesinos1
http://revistas.inia.es/index.php/sjar/article/view/1416/1548
7.-Real-Time Modelling and Optimisation for Water and Energy Efficient Surface Irrigation DOI 10.4236/jwarp.2013.57068
Following is case from pakistan, hope you will find it interesting.
Khalil, Tariq Mahmood, Quanbao Zhao, and Leena Maqsood. "Energy from anaerobic digesters for water management: A case study of Pakistan." Global Humanitarian Technology Conference (GHTC), 2014 IEEE. IEEE, 2014.
Dear Felix Reinders
Thank you so much for your appropriate answer. It will help a lot. The relationship is OK, but the formula explanation is not understood as the symbols have not been appeared correctly. Hence, I would request for sending the reprint of paper or any article or the reference which is accessible through internet.
KG Mandal
The Q is the discharhe in cub meter per hour, H is the pressure in metere, np is the efficiency of the pump in a decimal and nm is the efficiency of the motor in a decimal. After this has been calculated the cost can be calculated by multiplying the kW with the amount of hours pumped to apply the correct amount of water and then multiply it with the cents per kWhour.
Dear
you can fined the answer in this research
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/265007581_Energy_economic_analysis_and_efficiencies_of_micro_drip_irrigation_I-_Energy_Analysis?ev=prf_pub
Article Energy, economic analysis and efficiencies of micro drip irr...
Dear Dr. Mohamed Elhagarey
Than you, would you please send the pdf file to me.
KG Mandal
Here you are the research about economy and energy
I hope you fined your answers on its.
It is very simple. just try to measure /estimate the total energy consumed per unit of irrigation water made available and accessible to plants. It is called energy productivity also. It will vary with method of irrigation adopted. Climate, soil, vegetation and topography will also influence the relationship between irrigation and energy.
Dear Dr. Ashutosh Upadhyaya
Thank you for your answer. However, I 'm not sure how I can measure the total energy consumption per unit of irrigation. For example, if I irrigate the crop with 60 mm, and that irrigation is made from direct canal water supply, or from ground water, or from pond water, then what will be the total energy consumption. For lifting of water (from pond or ground water), electricity or fuel energy is required. Will this be the total energy? How will be the efficiency factor? How will be the conveyance and other loss factors?
KG Mandal
The first step is to know the type of irrigation. Then calculate the energy req in pumping, lifting, distribution, storing etc. See FAO guidelines
Energy is required n every action. It's form may change. You should consider, potential energy, kinetic energy, electrical or mechanical energy, solar energy, human energy and energy from any other source. Keep in mind that energy can neither be created nor be destroyed so while accounting energy please avoid double accounting.
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