I wish to differ from the views and contributions here. In most Institutions in the developing countries, their laboratories are poorly equipped, or in most cases, filled with outdated software, hardware, materials etc. Subjecting PhD students to publish in top journals as criteria for graduation will be very unfair. I think, that institutional readiness to graduate PhD students must factor well equipped labs and testbeds/industry collaboration. In the absence of full institutional supports, this criteria should be overhauled while focusing on using local and national conferences as a substitute. An attempt to publish with Indexed journals (e.g. Scopus, Scimago, Clarivate Analytics) will lead to unforgivable frustration on the part of the student leading to abandonment of the programme. This could be termed Academic Injustice!

I think this will complicate the situation.

Professor Mohannad Husain Al-Sherrawi, thank you for the answer. Of course, each case is specific and yet to you in Baghdad, what are the requirements for PhD students regarding their publications. Is there a minimum of "points"?

Here at Covenant University Nigeria the prerequisite for graduation is 2 publications in Scopus or Thomson Reuters indexed journals as well as attend one international conference. This is s done to engender productiveness and guarantee quality

hello

The effect factor for doctoral students is 2 and each state has a different system in the scientific field

regards

Professor Evaristus A Adesina, thank you for your information. I think two articles in reputable magazines are somewhat of a minimum. For example, with us, apart from 2 articles in authoritative scientific journals, we still require 5, 6, or 7 articles or conference papers that may not be so far. The idea is PhD students to gain experience before "trying in the deep waters". Sometimes PhD students have accumulated enough knowledge, skills, analyzes, and empirical data but can not properly formulate their scientific results. That is why the accumulation of experience at local / regional / conferences seems to help them.

http://www.uob.edu.pk/QEC/HECMinimumQualityCr.pdf

Acceptance/publication of at least one research paper in an HEC approved journal is essential for the award of PhD degree.

Hello Ali hadi Ghawi, thank you for your reply. Of course, each country has different requirements and criteria for assessing scientific output. That's why I think this discussion can help us "fix our clocks" and discuss good practices in this regard. We often comment on how much the minimum is needed, so I personally like how it is in other countries in the world (for most countries in Europe I have some idea).

à Mr Anton Georgiev

Doctorat est une experience d'une valeur très importante pour tout la vie. Et je trouve votre reflection "sur l'accumulation d'experience au niveau local" bien necessaire pour la prochaine experience.

A l'époque de l'Union Sovietique on a recommendé de participer aux 2-3 conférences et/ou exposition local et regional; cela justement pour verifier vos connaissances et tentez de formuler les conclusions, provenant de vos données. Les publications montrent, si les méthodes choisis ont donner les résultats.

Professor Mushtaq Ahmad , thank you for the opinion.

Sometimes least one quality article published in the respected scientific journal is compulsory. But I think it is not enough. It would be good for PhD students to gain experience at scientific conferences where they would learn to speak to a scientific audience. By presenting several reports doctoral students overcome anxiety to assert their ideas.

Bonjour Marpha Telepova-Texier, merci pour votre avis intéressant sur ce sujet. Franchement, l'information sur la science au temps de l'ex-Union soviétique est très instructive. Parfois, l'imagination les uns des autres est trop étrange et fausse!

I wish to differ from the views and contributions here. In most Institutions in the developing countries, their laboratories are poorly equipped, or in most cases, filled with outdated software, hardware, materials etc. Subjecting PhD students to publish in top journals as criteria for graduation will be very unfair. I think, that institutional readiness to graduate PhD students must factor well equipped labs and testbeds/industry collaboration. In the absence of full institutional supports, this criteria should be overhauled while focusing on using local and national conferences as a substitute. An attempt to publish with Indexed journals (e.g. Scopus, Scimago, Clarivate Analytics) will lead to unforgivable frustration on the part of the student leading to abandonment of the programme. This could be termed Academic Injustice!

In Greece there is no official requirement in terms of number of WoS indexed journals or conferences. Therefore, practices vary across disciplines, schools and Universities. For Computer Science, Ed. Tech a widely accepted goal is 2 journals (as a first or second author, at least scopus indexed and preferably WoS indexed) and some national and international conferences (5-10).

Professor Kennedy Chinedu Okafor, I fully agree with your opinion!

Professor Nikolaos Tselios to us / in Bulgaria /, about the technical sciences, the requirements are almost same. Obviously, our criteria are the same in our region. Thank you for your opinion.

Yes, professor Veljko Aleksić, you are absolutely right that at least 2-3 serious presentations of doctoral students in quality magazines and conferences are needed. However, there are good local conferences in Bulgaria, Serbia, Macedonia, Greece, Romania and quality scientific journals in these countries. My opinion is that the scientific appearances of the PhD students in techno-writing with 5-6 scientific papers could help to present their doctoral theses. And because there are also poorer regions in the world, I think funding for participation in local science forums is, in addition to being useful, it is much cheaper.

University of Duhok KRG-IRAQ PhD Requirement

1. Two articles one of them should be published in SCI thomson reuters journal list, with more than 1 Impact Factor.

2. English Requirement IELTS exam 6.

3. ......

4. .....

5............

In Pakistan, the Higher Education Commission Islamabad fixes the criteria for PhD studies. The universities have to follow it. PhD dissertation is to be evaluated by at least two experts from technologically advanced countries. Acceptance or publication of at least one research paper in an HEC approved journal is essential for the award of PhD degree.

I think this will complicate the situation

In majority national universities of China, especially in the areas of Electrical Engineering/Information/Automation, at least 4 top IEEE journals are needed for a PHD student to get his/her degree which is a large burden for them, so they always do the experiment, write the code, debug the system and expressed it in the paper day and night. Though it is good for enhance the quality of the PHD student in some extent, it also results in the gap between research/innovation with industry/commerce, some research in lab are just for publish papers. Replacing so many paper requirements (e.g., reducing from 4 to 2), a good pattern is combine the research with the need of the society and give some free time to the students to do what they like of their research, it is much better than pure lab work for publish paper. Someday, a PHD student’s idea can realize/promote the success of a popular industrial product which is the top value of an engineering related PHD student I think. As I noticed, China is on the way of getting through the obstacles, but is not so fast, maybe it needs some years.

As pointed out by other colleagues from Pakistan, following criteria ia set by HEC.

1. 18 years of education for admission in Ph.D (and most Universities also require 60% marks in Graduate Assessment Test (GAT) Subject).

2. Course work of at least 2 semesters (18 credit hours) and must also pass another comprehensive exam. Some universities are notorious to drop out students in this test.

3. Research work of at least 2 years. Average time of Ph.D is 4 years.

4. At least one publications WoS indexed journals (although some supervisors may demand more) is eligibility criteria to submit Ph.D thesis.

5. Thesis is evaluated by 2 foreign examiners in technologically advanced countries.

6. Upon recommendation of foreign examiners (and corrections made according to it), thesis is sent for evaluation by two local examiners (Currently, I am at this stage of my Ph.D degree). Local examiners will also attend the open/public defense of the scholar and approve fulfillment of the requirements of the Ph.D. degree.

Thanks,

Mubashar

Dear Colleagues,

In Colombia, we have an infrastructure situation similar to the Professor Kennedy description. On the other hand, the Ph.D. degree requirements are (Following the Profesor Mubashar structure) :

1) Research work of at least 4 years. An average time of Ph.D. is 7 years and maximum 8 years  (without financial penalties).

2) The publications depends on the University, but it is for about 2 publications WoS indexed journals adn two international conference speech. 3) The thesis is evaluated by 5 examiners (in my university) from 2 locals and 3 foreign.

Best regards,

Professor Asaad Ali Karam , thank you for your opinion. Yes, I totally agree that one or two articles in prestigious scientific journals are needed and 3-4 in local conferences.

Professor Mohammad, Professor Munir Mohammad Munir, Professor Leonardo Talero, Professor Mubashar Rehman, Professor Sijia Hu, Professor Malik N Hawas, thanks for the extremely competent answer. It was a real pleasure for me to meet your expert opinion.

With respect

Anton

IF (student)= Sum(IF of journal publication) + Sum(IF of conference) +Product( Good rapport with next set of students and preparation to carry out the work ) ...

Dear colleagues, thank you all for your reactions on this important subject. I have learnt from the experiences shared here.