How much radiation is reflected by clouds and what percentage of incoming radiation do clouds reflect?
What you're seeking is called cloud radiative effect (CRE).
This NOAA article quotes the IPCC 5th Annual Report statement that "The net global mean CRE is approximately -20 W/m2 implying a strong net cooling effect of clouds on the current climate."
https://www.gfdl.noaa.gov/cloud-radiative-effect/
The concentration of water droplets and aerosols contamination change the amount of CRE, contributing to what's known as cloud forcing. Climatologists call this change effective radiative forcing (ERF).
https://www.ipcc.ch/report/ar6/wg1/figures/chapter-6/figure-6-12
The IPCC has extensive literature on both cloud radiative effect and effective radiative forcing.
2021: The Earth’s Energy Budget, Climate Feedbacks, and Climate Sensitivity. In Climate Change 2021: The Physical Science Basis. Contribution of Working Group I to the Sixth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change
https://www.ipcc.ch/report/ar6/wg1/downloads/report/IPCC_AR6_WGI_Chapter07.pdf
2013: Clouds and Aerosols. In: Climate Change 2013: The Physical Science Basis. Contribution of Working Group I to the Fifth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change
https://www.ipcc.ch/site/assets/uploads/2018/02/WG1AR5_Chapter07_FINAL-1.pdf
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