This is a very difficult question to be answered. I think this will depends on several variables such as size of organization, strategic objectives, segment of business and so on.
One certain thing is that Industry 4.0 requires many efforts from the leadership and shareholders in order to guarantee the investments aiming to establish a Industry 4.0 plan.
I don't think that the question of cost can be addressed directly. The diverse components of direct and indirect costs are so intricated that it does not really make sense.
I can suggest you to have a look to that book which has tried to foerecast possible developments of production (including obviously Industry 4.0) in the years to come
Book Modes and methods of production in France in 2040
The important thing is not the cost itself analyzed as isolated, but if that investment cost really adds value to the value chain of the company, and if that cost will generate cash flow that justifies the investment.
This is a very difficult question to be answered. I think this will depends on several variables such as size of organization, strategic objectives, segment of business and so on.
One certain thing is that Industry 4.0 requires many efforts from the leadership and shareholders in order to guarantee the investments aiming to establish a Industry 4.0 plan.
Industry 4.0 not a single package that we can estimate cost. It is a concept, industry 4.0 is an integrated system which consist of IIoT, 3D printing, AI, Machine Learning, Virtual Reality. When a specific element will be chosen for an industry then the cost of the solution could be calculated.
Cost is relative to the amount of alignment you intend in getting the infrastructure, production process, people skills and alignment ..... actually 4.0 is not the end but it is a gate towards X.0.... technological impact is very creative and magical towards human wishes.
Go beyond 4.0
https://www.accenture.com/in-en/services/industryx0-index?c=acn_in_industryxoonenativeads_10934806&n=bac_0419&dcm=22544396_4766500_245496282_114600090
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