Nanoparticle delivery systems are designed for enhancing the bioavailability of encapsulated molecules in oral administration. However, multiple factors affect the destination of nanoparticles in the gastrointestinal tract before these magic particles show their benefits for targeted compounds.
To get this discussion started, I would like to give some opinions. 1. Different pH conditions in the gastrointestinal tract. Organic nanoparticles, such as protein based nanoparticles, may show different characteristics in the GI tract. The particle aggregation would happen in the pH near the isoelectric point of selected protein. 2. Ionic effect. ion in the GI tract may cause the agglomeration of the nanoparticles. 3. Enzymes. organic nanoparticles can be rapidly digested by enzymes. 4. Mucus. Mucus can cleanse the nanoparticles in the intestinal tract and prevent the penetration of nanoparticles to intestinal epithelial cells.
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