How we can to detect sulphur on microstructure of steel. How to print sulphur's distribution on billets
Hi Nilda
I suggest these articles.
https://dspace.vsb.cz/bitstream/handle/10084/117080/1580-2949-2017v51i2p237.pdf?sequence=1
https://www.phase-trans.msm.cam.ac.uk/2007/Eric_Jaegle.pdf
https://www.forging.org/forging/system/files/field_document/052-Kirby.pdf.
https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007%2FBF00712598.pdf.
Good luck
The detection of sulfur in the steel can be realized by SEM with EDX capability for line or area scanning.
Sulphur will combine with suitable elements and form suiphide inclusions which can be seen under an optical microscope under unetched condition after series of polishing. The shape and the the density of inclusions can be compared from inclusion rating chart of ASTM at 100 X magnification.
kindly look into these standards for sulphur printing of billets
ASTM E1180 -08(2014) - Standard Practice for Preparing Sulfur Prints for Macrostructural Evaluation
Sulphur causes hot shortness in steel. This is nothing but cracking caused inside the steel due to formation of FeS which is a low MP phase. When steel is hot worked, this FeS softenes and promotes cracking. Hence, % of Sulphur is kept below 0.05%
Sulfur increases the machinability of steel, however higher % will lead to hot shortness during hot working
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