FTIR can reveal any different bond wavelength present in the poylmer/composite (mostly the ones with C, O, N or H involved, either covalent or with metal entities included). Thus, by contrasting it with pure polymers (e.g. missing the metal entities) you can find whether that polymer is present in your composite or not. This way FTIR can characterize your composite.
FTIR may reveal a lot about the chemical and structural characteristics of your material. A short literature search will be convincing enough I would say. But be aware of the spatial resolution limitations of FTIR: The wavelength of IR spectroscopy is between 1.5 and 10 microns, limiting the resolution to ~ 5 microns in IR microscopy. This can be improved by applying an ATR set-up.
From your question I understand you are working on nano-particles. I can imagine that a higher spatial resolution is desirable. As an alternative you may consider Raman microscopy. It will give similar information compared to IR but with a higher spatial resolution (~0.5 micron).
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