The anesthesia circle breathing system operates on the principle of delivering a controlled mixture of gases, usually oxygen and a volatile anesthetic agent, to the patient while minimizing waste and ensuring patient safety.
Indunil Karunarathna
Gas Delivery: The anesthesia machine supplies medical gases, typically oxygen and air, to the breathing circuit. The oxygen may be supplemented with other gases as needed for the specific procedure. Vaporization of Anesthetic: If a volatile anesthetic agent, such as isoflurane or sevoflurane, is being used, it is vaporized using a vaporizer within the anesthesia machine. The vaporizer ensures that the concentration of the anesthetic agent in the gas mixture is precisely controlled according to the patient's needs. Gas Mixture Delivery to the Patient: The blended gases, including the vaporized anesthetic agent, are delivered to the patient through the breathing circuit. The patient breathes in this mixture via a face mask, endotracheal tube, or other airway device, inducing and maintaining anesthesia. Exhalation and CO2 Absorption: As the patient exhales, the exhaled gases, including carbon dioxide (CO2), are returned to the anesthesia machine via the breathing circuit. The exhaled gases pass through a CO2 absorbent canister, where the CO2 is removed, ensuring that the patient does not rebreathe excessive CO2. Re-circulation and Conservation: After CO2 removal, the exhaled gases, now consisting primarily of oxygen and the anesthetic agent, are reintroduced into the breathing circuit. This closed-loop system allows for the efficient re-circulation of gases, conserving anesthetic agents and minimizing waste. Scavenging of Excess Gases: Any excess gases that are not inhaled by the patient are removed from the system through a scavenging system. This prevents the buildup of anesthetic gases in the operating room, reducing the risk of exposure to healthcare providers and other individuals. Continuous Monitoring and Adjustment: Throughout the procedure, the anesthesia provider monitors the patient's vital signs and adjusts the flow rates and concentrations of gases as necessary to maintain anesthesia depth and ensure patient safety.
The anesthesia circle breathing system operates on the principle of delivering a controlled mixture of gases, usually oxygen and a volatile anesthetic agent, to the patient while minimizing waste and ensuring patient safety. Here's how it typically works:
Overall, the anesthesia circle breathing system provides a controlled and efficient method for delivering anesthesia during surgical and medical procedures, while also minimizing environmental impact and ensuring the well-being of both patients and healthcare providers.
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