How does organic matter improve both water and nutrient holding capacity and relationship between soil and water holding capacity?
Органические вещества улучшает структурный состав водных и питательных режимов почвы образуется порыстые пространство уменьшается объёмная масса почвы в результате сохраняется больше количество влаги
Yes, addition of organic matter to the soil usually increases the water holding capacity of the soil. This is because the addition of organic matter increases the number of micro-pores and macro-pores in the soil either by “gluing” soil particles together or by creating favorable living conditions for soil organisms. Organic matter particles have a charged surface that attracts water so that it adheres to the surface, like static cling, but may also have pores and charges that repel water. One of the features of organic fertilizers is the water retaining capacity. It is a valuable feature because it contributes the soils' water balance. Soil organic matter, its stable components and its transient components can strongly improve nutrient availability and acquisition by higher plants. Soil organic matter also strongly affects nutrient storage and its availability in soils. Soil organic matter significantly improves the soil's capacity to store and supply essential nutrients (such as nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium and magnesium), and to retain toxic elements. It allows the soil to cope with changes in soil acidity, and helps soil minerals to decompose faster.Because soil organic matter creates pores in a range of sizes. Exactly how much more water is stored due to soil organic matter will depend on soil texture, though. Water-holding capacity is controlled primarily by soil texture and organic matter. Soils with smaller particles (silt and clay) have a larger surface area than those with larger sand particles, and a large surface area allows a soil to hold more water. The percolation and water holding capacity of the soils are determined by soil composition, grain size and aggregation. Soils with smaller particles (silt and clay) have a larger surface area than those with larger sand particles, and a large surface area allows a soil to hold more water. In other words, a soil with a high percentage of silt and clay particles, which describes fine soil, has a higher water-holding capacity. It is widely accepted that the available water capacity in soil can be improved by increasing organic matter content. However, the increase in amount of water that is available to plants with an increase in organic matter is still uncertain and may be overestimated. Organic matter retains plant nutrients and prevents them leaching to deeper soil layers. Microorganisms are responsible for the mineralization and immobilization of N, P and S through the decomposition of organic matter.
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