Indoor air quality is a major concern in hospital for the wellbeing of patients and the visitors. It happens to be a major challenge. There are lot of literature available on the effect of indoor air on human health in long run.
UK Hospitals are often too warm and stuffy making conditions stifling and uncomfortable for patients. Windows have H and S restrictions on how much they can open. Some wards are very deep in form so conditions in the middle are even worse.Staff usually believe patients need warm rising to hot conditions which is not true. The emphasis is on temperature not fresh air. The modern trend is to make buildings airtight which means a lack of air needs to be offset by using mechanical systems for ventilation but then the maintenance of these systems is often low level so again a lack of air occurs.
Improper ventilation in buildings result into bad quality of indoor air which promotes the breeding of organisms that causes nosocomial infections. Also Noise is irritable to building occupants especially in hospitals where it affect patients healing processes.
Indoor environment has a potential impact on health by influencing behaviors, actions, and interactions of patients and their families as well as the health providers. Unhealthy buildings can cause a lot of illnesses to occupants. Sick building syndrome (SBS) is a poorly understood phenomenon where people have a range of symptoms related to a certain building and there is no specific identifiable cause. The effect of poor indoor environmental quality (IEQ) is not only on physical health of the building occupants, but also on their psychological health. different factors, which affect both physical and psychological health of occupants in healing environments are divided into two main categories; (a) spatial factors, which include the architecture design of the space, views of nature and nature images, indoor plants and landscaping, way finding and orientation of the space, pleasant color scheme, the presence of coordinated art objects, furniture layout, and video and virtual reality environments; and (b) environmental factors include air quality and freshness, availability of daylight, thermal comfort, and acoustic quality.
Most healthcare settings, as well as other buildings, are lit by a combination of daylight entering through windows and skylights and electric-light sources. It is important to understand how these two types of light sources differ to understand their relative impacts on human health and performance. Sunlight is electromagnetic radiation in the wavelength range that can be absorbed by the photoreceptors of the eye. Sunlight provides a balanced spectrum of colors with elements in all parts of the visible wavelength range. The actual wavelengths present in daylight vary over the day with latitude, meteorological conditions, and seasons.