"Graphene" is a combination of "graphite" and the suffix -ene, named by Hanns-Peter Boehm,[11] who described single-layer carbon foils in 1962.[5]
The term graphene first appeared in 1987[12] to describe single sheets of graphite as a constituent of graphite intercalation compounds (GICs); conceptually a GIC is a crystalline salt of the intercalant and graphene. The term was also used in early descriptions of carbon nanotubes,[13] as well as for epitaxial graphene[14] and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH).[15] Graphene can be considered an "infinite alternant" (only six-member carbon ring) polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon.[16]
The IUPAC compendium of technology states: "previously, descriptions such as graphite layers, carbon layers, or carbon sheets have been used for the term graphene... it is incorrect to use for a single layer a term which includes the term graphite, which would imply a three-dimensional structure. The term graphene should be used only when the reactions, structural relations or other properties of individual layers are discussed."[17]
Geim defined "isolated or free-standing graphene" as "graphene is a single atomic plane of graphite, which – and this is essential – is sufficiently isolated from its environment to be considered free-standing."[18] This definition is narrower than the IUPAC definition and refers to cloven, transferred and suspended graphene.[citation needed] Other forms such as graphene grown on various metals, can become free-standing if, for example, suspended or transferred to silicon dioxide (SiO