How does climate change affect biodiversity in India and relationship between forests and climate change?
Иқлим ўзгаришлари сув экотизимларида тарқалган организимларга катта таъсири бор. Сувнинг камайиши сувда яшовчи организимлар тарқалган ареалларнин камайишига ўз таъсирини курсатади.
According to my understanding for the topic Biodiversity is directly affected by geography and climate conditions that is why India has different endemic species which are not found anywhere else because they can thrive only in a set of conditions which are available here only and temperate countries has different biodiversity. (Although artificially or in the labs we can do anything).
Now because climate is changing for example rainfall patterns, early or late arrival of monsoon, amount of rain, changes in duration of summer and winters etc. It directly affects the biodiversity. If the species has high adaptability it may survive but if it is not resilient it will be extinct.
It all depends on the set of conditions if we alrer the conditions species May differ. We can apply it to understand the scenerio for India or for any geographical region.
2) relationship between forests and climate change is not difficult to understand as different forest regions has their native diversity which regenerates itself when the conditions are suitable for their growth because of alterations in conditions native species cannot grow with the maximum potential and ultimately species which has high adaptability for changing environmental conditions replace the native diversity. That is why lantana is the most dominant invasive species. It also affects the fauna because native species are essential for survival of some other species.
Ultimately climate change directly affects biodiversity. But it takes time to notice the changes.
Climate change could alter the frequency and intensity of forest disturbances such as insect outbreaks, invasive species, wildfires, and storms. These disturbances can reduce forest productivity and change the distribution of tree species. In some cases, forests can recover from a disturbance. Climate change has altered marine, terrestrial, and freshwater ecosystems around the world. It has caused the loss of local species, increased diseases, and driven mass mortality of plants and animals, resulting in the first climate-driven extinctions. The rise in global temperature, sea level, and extreme weather events can cause habitat loss, changes in the timing of seasonal events, and an increase in disease outbreaks, which can lead to the extinction of species. Here are some of the effects of climate change on Biodiversity in India: Changes in Species Distribution: With rising temperatures and changing rainfall patterns, many species are shifting their geographic ranges to adapt to changing conditions. Forest ecosystem pests and pathogens are likely to increase, either through the direct effect of climate change on their abundance or distribution, or the indirect effect of increased water stress or wind damage which will increase the susceptibility of trees to attack. Warming and increased frequency, severity and duration of extreme events will place many terrestrial, freshwater, coastal and marine ecosystems at high or very high risks of biodiversity loss by 2040, it said, sharing evidence that climate-related stresses are already affecting mangrove forests. One of the most significant ways that climate change will impact the lives of people in India will be through its water resources. While water sustains life, it all too often wreaks havoc through devastating floods and droughts. A changing climate will only aggravate these shocks. Climate change and biodiversity are directly related to one another. The change in the climate affects the temperature of a particular region which may or may not be suitable for all species. Forests are also one of the most important solutions to addressing the effects of climate change. Approximately 2.6 billion tonnes of carbon dioxide, one-third of the CO2 released from burning fossil fuels, is absorbed by forests every year. Forests primarily influence climate change by influencing the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere. Carbon is drawn from the atmosphere and absorbed in wood, leaves, and soil during forest growth. Forests are considered "carbon sinks" because of their ability to absorb and store carbon over time.Climate change will, in turn, influence India's forests in complex and unclear ways: a possible expansion of the moist broadleaf forests in central India and a shrinking of temperate broadleaf and alpine forests; a possible increase in productivity; and decline in some wildlife species in specific habitats.Trees and forest ecosystems help limit global warming by reducing the concentration of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere, alongside simultaneous 'co-benefits' for biodiversity, local economies, human health and leisure. Many impacts of climate change – including drought, bushfires, storms, ocean acidification, sea level rise and global warming affect biodiversity. Loss of biodiversity can lead to land degradation, effects on water supply and changes in farming productivity.
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