how can we define the Implementation of occupational safety and health (OSH) at manufacturing industries considering economic level of a country, education, training, awareness creation, clear understanding of OSH, top engagement commitment, productivity improvement, technology development, cost, quality employees activities, environmental conditions? what do you think the most important factors those are affecting the work place safety and health in developing countries in manufacturing industries?
Hi Kassu Jilcha
The studies mentioned hereunder may be of use in understanding the clear difference:
1. Cheyne, A., Oliver, A., Tomas, J. M. and Cox, S. (2002). “The Architecture of Employee Attitudes to Safety in the Manufacturing Sector”, Personnel Review, 31(6), pp. 649-670.
2. Clarke, Sharon (1999). “Perceptions of Organizational Safety: Implications for the Development of Safety Culture” Journal of Organizational Behavior, 20(2), pp. 185-198.
3. Clarke, Sharon (2006). “Safety Climate in an Automobile Manufacturing Plant: The Effects of Work Environment, Job Communication and Safety Attitudes on Accidents and Unsafe Behaviour”, Personnel Review, Vol. 35(4), pp. 413-430.
4. Flin, R., Mearns, K., Connor, P.O. and Bryden, R. (2000). “Measuring Safety Climate: Identifying the Common Features”, Safety Science, 34(1-3), pp. 177-192.
5. Flin, Rhona (2007). “Measuring Safety Culture in Healthcare: A Case for Accurate Diagnosis”, Safety Science, 45(6), pp. 653-667.
6. Gillen, Marion., Baltzb, Davis., Gassel, Margy., Kirschd, Luz and Diane, Vaccaroe (2001). “Perceived Safety Climate, Job Demands and Coworker Support among Union and Nonunion Injured Construction Workers”, Journal of Safety Research, 32 (4), pp. 391-439.
7. Harms, Lars and Ringdah (2003). “Assessing Safety Functions—Results From A Case Study at An Industrial Workplace”, Safety Science, 41(8), pp. 701-720.
8. Kongtip, Pornpimol., Yoosook, Witaya and Chantanakul, Suttinun (2008). “Occupational Health and Safety Management in Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises: An Overview of the Situation in Thailand”, Safety Science, 46(9), pp. 1356-1368.
9. Mayhew, Claire., Quinlan, Michael and Ferris, Rande (1997). “The Effects of Subcontracting/ Outsourcing on Occupational Health and Safety: Survey Evidence from Four Australian Industries”, Safety Science, 25(1-3), pp.163-178.
10. Vinod kumar, M.N. and Bhasi, M. (2009). “Safety Climate Factors and Its Relationship with Accidents and Personal Attributes in the Chemical Industry”, Safety Science,47(5), pp. 659-667.
In my opinion I think that development countries focus on legal issues more than an approach of workers' health. Another reason is that occupational safety and health is only for formal companies and our countries have informal employment .
I recomend you some texts:
Benach, J., Solar, O., Santana, V., Castedo, A., Chung, H., & Muntaner, C. (2010). A micro-level model of employment relations and health inequalities. International Journal of Health Services, 40(2), 223–227.
Chung, H., Muntaner, C., & Benach, J. (2010). Employment relations and global health: A typological study of world labor markets. International Journal of Health Services, 40(2), 229–253.
Kim, I.-H., Muntaner, C., Chung, H., & Benach, J. (2010). Case studies on employment-related health inequalities in countries representing different types of labor markets. International Journal of Health Services, 40(2), 255–267.
Landsbergis, P. A. (2010). Assessing the contribution of working conditions to socioeconomic disparities in health: A commentary. American Journal of Industrial Medicine, 53(2), 95–103.
Muntaner, C. . b, Borrell, C. . d, Vanroelen, C. . f, Chung, H. . e, Benach, J. . d, Kim, I. H. ., & Ng, E. . (2010). Employment relations, social class and health: A review and analysis of conceptual and measurement alternatives. Social Science and Medicine, 71(12), 2130–2140.
Since labour is a condition to live and survive, OHS is a basic human right. Of course the situation under which we have to work in countries are basically different. In developed countries most of OHS is agreed and regulated by the tripartite, government, trade unions and employer organisations. If a tripartite doesn't exist, it will be difficult to realise a good level of OHS. Regulation alone will not change things, there must be a goodwill from all the parties concerned to realise a higher level of health and safety. Often this is a question of knowing and implementing good practices and not a question of money. In developped countries, we realise ourselves more and more that a higher level of health and safety is not a technical question but a question of culture, of behavior.
I would consider doing a multi-country survey, and correlation analysis between a country's country statistics/demographics and its manufacturing sector safety performance statistics/ ILO statistics for the country. I would be careful about using the country safety statistics without some kind of confirmation that the data is complete and fairly accurate, and I would be prepared to carry out my own sampling to conduct a survey of manufacturing sector safety for the specific indicators of interest to me. This has good potential for collaboration with safety researchers around the world.
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