How do microorganisms contribute to the maintenance of the biosphere and role of microorganisms in the recycling of elements?
Los microorganismos juegan un papel fundamental en el mantenimiento de la biosfera y en el reciclaje de elementos esenciales para la vida. Aquí te comparto una visión general de cómo contribuyen:
En resumen, los microorganismos son indispensables para el mantenimiento de la biosfera al descomponer la materia orgánica, reciclar nutrientes, fijar nitrógeno y llevar a cabo una serie de otros procesos biogeoquímicos que son fundamentales para la vida en la Tierra. Sin su contribución, los ecosistemas no podrían funcionar de manera eficiente y la vida tal como la conocemos no sería posible.
Microorganisms are responsible for many different processes in the ecosystem such as nutrient cycling and nutrient production. In marine ecosystems many different microorganisms are responsible for photosynthesis which introduces carbon compounds into the lowest trophic level in those ecosystems. Microorganisms can convert toxic elements into water, carbon dioxide, and other less toxic compounds, which are further degraded by other microbes in a process referred to as mineralization. Micro organisms play a significant role in biodegradation of organic material in waste recycling. Microorganisms help in cleaning up the environment. They decompose dead and decaying matter from plants and animals; convert them into simpler substances which are later used up by other plants and animals. Thus, they are used to breakdown harmful substances. The most significant effect of the microbes on earth is their ability to recycle the primary elements that make up all living systems, especially carbon, oxygen, and nitrogen (N). Primary production involves photosynthetic organisms which take up CO2 from the atmosphere and convert it to organic (cellular) material. Beneficial soil microbes perform fundamental functions such as nutrient cycling, breaking down crop residues, and stimulating plant growth. While the role of microbes to maintain soil health and contribute to crop performance is clear, the soil biological component is extremely difficult to observe and manage. This is because microorganisms decompose dead organic waste of plants and animals converting them into simple substances. These substances are again used by other plants and animals. Thus, microorganisms can be used to degrade harmful and odourific substances and clean up the environment. Microorganisms recycle nutrients by decomposing the organic waste materials present in the dead and decaying materials of animals and plants, and also degrade the organic pollutants present in the industrial as well as municipal wastes. Microorganisms are the foundation of the biosphere. Without them, other life forms would not have evolved and could not exist. Microorganisms established the geochemical conditions on Earth that enabled evolution of plants and animals. Element recycling in ecosystems is a fundamental process, ensuring the sustainability of life by replenishing vital nutrients in the environment. This cycle establishes the delicate balance between growth, decay, and the constant renewal of life. Microorganisms help return minerals and nutrients back to the environment so that the materials can then be used by other organisms. As the bacteria and fungi decompose dead matter, they also respire and so release carbon dioxide to the environment, contributing to the carbon cycle.