To prepare a phenolphthalein indicator solution for acid-base titration, follow these simple steps. Phenolphthalein is a pH indicator commonly used in titrations because it changes color from colorless to pink as the solution changes from acidic to slightly basic (around pH 8.2 to 10). Here's how you can make a standard solution:
Materials Needed:
Phenolphthalein powder
Ethanol (95% or absolute)
Distilled water
A dropper bottle or a suitable storage container
A balance for measuring
A funnel and filter paper (optional, to filter the solution if not clear)
Preparation Steps:
Weigh Phenolphthalein: Measure out approximately 1.0 gram of phenolphthalein powder using a balance.
Dissolve in Ethanol: Transfer the phenolphthalein powder into a 250 mL volumetric flask. Add about 50 mL of ethanol to the flask and swirl or stir to dissolve the powder completely. Phenolphthalein is not very soluble in water, which is why ethanol is used as the solvent.
Dilute with Ethanol: After the phenolphthalein has dissolved, fill up the flask to the 250 mL mark with additional ethanol. This will give you a 1% phenolphthalein solution in ethanol.
Storage: Transfer the solution into a dropper bottle or another suitable container. If the solution is not clear, you can filter it using a funnel and filter paper. Label the container with the contents and the date of preparation. Store the solution in a cool, dark place to protect it from light, which can degrade phenolphthalein.
Use: To use the phenolphthalein indicator in a titration, add a few drops (usually 2-3 drops are sufficient) to the solution to be titrated once it is ready. The solution will remain colorless in acidic to neutral solutions and turn faintly pink as the endpoint of the titration is approached, indicating a shift to a slightly basic pH.
Remember, the exact concentration of phenolphthalein in the solution is not critical for its role as an indicator in titrations, but the standard 1% solution by weight in ethanol is commonly used for its effective indication range and stability.
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