I've de-fatted some bone samples and analysed the "waste solution" via GC-MS to see how well the de-fatting worked before I gelatinise them. However, I don't know what the expected initial lipid content of bone is in mg/L to determine how much has been removed from the bone. The only publication I could find was by During et al. (2015), and they give the lipid content of bone in g/100g. Are there any publications that refer to the lipid content of bone in mg/L?
Quantification of Bone Fatty Acid Metabolism and Its Regulation by Adipocyte Lipoprotein Lipase
📷Alexander Bartel et all...
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2017, 18(6), 1264; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms18061264
Abstract
Adipocytes are master regulators of energy homeostasis. Although the contributions of classical brown and white adipose tissue (BAT and WAT, respectively) to glucose and fatty acid metabolism are well characterized, the metabolic role of adipocytes in bone marrow remains largely unclear. Here, we quantify bone fatty acid metabolism and its contribution to systemic nutrient handling in mice. Whereas in parts of the skeleton the specific amount of nutrients taken-up from the circulation was lower than in other metabolically active tissues such as BAT or liver, the overall contribution of the skeleton as a whole organ was remarkable, placing it among the top organs involved in systemic glucose as well as fatty acid clearance. We show that there are considerable site-specific variations in bone marrow fatty acid composition throughout the skeleton and that, especially in the tibia, marrow fatty acid profiles resemble classical BAT and WAT. Using a mouse model lacking lipoprotein lipase (LPL), a master regulator of plasma lipid turnover specifically in adipocytes, we show that impaired fatty acid flux leads to reduced amounts of dietary essential fatty acids while there was a profound increase in de novo produced fatty acids in both bone marrow and cortical bone. Notably, these changes in fatty acid profiles were not associated with any gross skeletal phenotype. These results identify LPL as an important regulator of fatty acid transport to skeletal compartments and demonstrate an intricate functional link between systemic and skeletal fatty acid and glucose metabolism.
If you obtained a morph of the original bone in the demineralisation step, then the C/N from the isotope analysis is an indication of residual lipids (little N in lipids so C/N will be higher than expected). But beware of poor preservation if the bones are old - that also pushes up C/N. Degraded bones patently do not need defatting. Also beware of incomplete demineralisation. You can also continue GC-MS analyses of successive defatting "waste solution" to determine the diminishing returns.
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