Please take a look at the following PDF attachment.

There have been cases reported for infection in children, however studies have been conducted on this and one has to wait to see conclusive results of these studies.

Would you like to provide the articles

It seems that children have a better defensive system than adults and especially older adults, where the highest mortality rate occurs.

Covid -19 attacks more in people with poor immune system.. So, i think it is less severe in pediatric population.

Among more than 3,000 cases of COVID-19 in Germany, until now there have only been registered some 120 Children (unpublished Analysis). So I suppose that infection is less common in Children than in adults. But this is not yet sure. Mortality is lower in Children than in elderly. There has been no reported death by COVID-19 in the age group below nine years. Best regards!

Thanks for update regarding covid19 in children in Germany. W@hats the mechanism may be for children getting infected less@ Burkhard Lawrenz

Sir, there are several hypothesis for that. Some lab mice experiment support that. First is the strong and young immunity which is filled up with new T cells, which help in encountering the viral infection. Second is the children have high numbers of ACE 2 receptor in comparison to older. It's the entry of corona virus to human. That's why even though children get infected but it's symptoms are much less then the adults. Even in SARS CoV similar trends were observed.

But younger children may show more severe disease (see Dong Y, Mo X, Hu Y, et al. Epidemiological characteristics of 2143 pediatric patients with 2019 coronavirus disease in China. Pediatrics. 2020; doi: 10.1542/peds.2020-0702), perhaps because their T-cell system is immature in the first two years of life.

no,if immune is low they will get.two years infant and 12 day baby is latest victim of covid 19 in Malaysia

A new observational cohort, online published (March 2020) study of 36 (COVID-19 positive) children of Zhijiang, China suggests that children have relatively no associated co-morbidities in comparison to adults, hence manifest milder form of disease.....

Thank you sir. Would you like to share the article

https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/apa.15270#.XoMwJjBzL1o.

This review suggests that infected children were 1‐5% of overall diagnosed COVID‐19 cases, with milder disease than adults and extremely rare mortality.

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32193831/#abstract

Severe pediatric covid-19 cases were also reported , even those cases are less common than adults.

Pediatrics age group receives BCG vaccine in their neonatal period in countries who have BCG vaccine policy in their implemented Immunisation schedule. It has been documented in many observational studies that BCG vaccine acts as immune modulator for many immune responses on broader level against viral respiratory tract infections...but many countries like Italy, Spain, US etc doesn’t have any BCG vaccine policy- still their kids are mildly infected....

Considering above point, we could say that children attending regular immunisation clinics must be having modulated immunity ( because in childhood, we receive various types of killed and attenuated vaccines very frequently along with the boosters) especially cellular immunity .... hence they show milder symptoms....

Few articles now coming on this.

Coronavirus Infections in Children Including COVID-19

An Overview of the Epidemiology, Clinical Features, Diagnosis, Treatment and Prevention Options in Children

Petra Zimmermann, MD, PhD*,†,‡ and Nigel Curtis, FRCPCH, PhD†,‡,§

Children are definitely not protected from the virus causing COVID-19. A few appropriate articles can be found at: https://www.jwatch.org/pediatric-infections?query=topic_pedinf&jwd=000012305116&jspc=

Thank you@Robert

Here is a recent article by the US center for Disease control on Coronavirus Disease 2019 in Children — United States

Coronavirus Disease 2019 in Children — United States, February 12–April 2, 2020. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 2020;69:422–426. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15585/mmwr.mm6914e4external icon.

link: https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/69/wr/mm6914e4.htm#suggestedcitation

I got it sir.

One more publication in Indian Pediatric had also come.

A review on pediatric covid cases.

Is there any death in India among children. What is the percentage of Covid 19 in children in India

Till date it varies from 2 to 6.5 % as per various literatures. But data from India and USA is yet to come.

But fatality rate is less than 1%.

one infant died@mirabai

*

■ Fever was less prevalent in pediatric patients than in adults (6/14, 42.9% vs 39/47, 83%; p = 0.008).

■ Compared with adults, pediatric patients had a lower rate of positive CT findings and milder clinical grade (p = 0.004, p = 0.001 respectively).

■ CT features did not differ in two groups, except for bronchial wall thickening, which was more common in pediatric patients (p =0.048).

Reference: https://doi.org/10.1148/ryct.2020200117

* In the United States till 2 nd April 20, 22% of the population is made up of infants, children, and adolescents aged

Why COVID-19 appears to be less common and severe in children than in adults is unclear. Some considerations are a less intense immune response to the virus in children versus adults; cytokine release syndrome is thought to be important in the pathogenesis of severe COVID-19 infections [55,56]. Another explanation is that viral interference in the respiratory tract of young children leads to a lower viral load in children. Finally, the receptor for SARS-CoV-2 virus is the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 receptors, which may be expressed differently in the respiratory tract of children compared to adults

The incidence of the disease in children varies from 1- 6.4% in different countries[10–13]. The disease is prevalent among all age groups of children including newborns, however, evidence of vertical transmission was rare[14,15]. Although, no significant difference in prevalence between genders was observed in the study, few studies reported slightly higher incidence in boys than girls[16,17].

Only 1.3% of the screened children were found positive as compared to 3.5% of adults who had history of contact with infection positive cases.

In Odisha, we are managing a COVID 19 hospital having 500 beds. Till now we have treated 1000 cases. Here we have seen 40 pediatrics cases including 5 newborns. So, our incidence comes to be 4%. Again it varies in separate geographical areas.

Important Reference:

Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children and adolescents temporally related to COVID-19

Scientific Brief (15 May 2020)/WHO

43% of Covid-19 deaths in India in 30-59 yrs age band

Article Exploring the causes of mild COVID-19 involvement in pediatr...

You can find your answer and any other information about pediatric COVID-19 involvement in this review article.

Please take a look at the following PDF attachment.

Also see the link below.

https://www.thelancet.com/journals/eclinm/article/PIIS2589-5370(20)30177-2/fulltext

As this is a new virus, we are still learning about how it affects children and adolescents. Evidence to date suggests that children and adolescents are less likely to get severe disease, but severe cases and death can still happen in these age groups.

So far, data suggests that children under the age of 18 years represent about 8.5% of reported cases, with relatively few deaths compared to other age groups and usually mild disease. However, cases of critical illness have been reported. As with adults, pre-existing medical conditions have been suggested as a risk factor for severe disease and intensive care admission in children.

Further studies are underway to assess the risk of infection in children and to better understand transmission in this age group.

The most vulnerable children – including refugees, migrants, and children who are internally displaced, deprived of liberty, living without parental care, living on the street and in urban slums, with disabilities, and living in conflict-affected areas – are a particular concern

Thank you @Arvind Singh. You might have seen a recent article on TOI revealing 20% of cases in India belongs to pediatric population. @Getasew

In the United States and globally, fewer cases of COVID-19 have been reported in children (age 0-17 years) compared with adults. While children comprise 22% of the US population,3 recent data show that 7.3% of all cases of COVID-19 in the United States reported to CDC were among children

Laith G. Shareef important inputs. Thanks. What about European countries?

Children comprise 1–2% of the diagnosed cases, and typically suffer mild disease. The median age of infected children is 3.3–11 years, and male/female ratio is 1.15–1.55. Common symptoms in children include upper respiratory symptoms (26–54%), cough (44–54%), fever (32–65%), and gastrointestinal (15–30%) symptoms.

In Italy, cases among the child population seem sporadic.

However, on the coronavirus issue I have already expressed myself:

https://www.researchgate.net/post/Covid-19_an_exageration?_ec=topicPostOverviewAuthoredQuestions&_sg=HhxY69f6MqtLoCQZgg5UlEhtO43YEumaSSrLK24SpWoUKAK1BQU7HtuqxOH9FIEPFrvEhbMsyXCVKdNM