Tungsten oxide is mostly doped with other transition metals oxides and other elements to enhance the electrochromic performance. My question is what exactly we wanna achieve in crystal structure, orientation, defects along with electrical and optical properties by doping.
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By dopping ... MODIFICATION in inherent properties of WO3 is required to enhance colouration effects associated with various processes.
These MODIFICATIONS should positively enhance up to a certain limit of doping.
Changes in the crystal structure, orientation, defects... Crystal structure, in general, remains the same except for some sort of phase transformation or stresses induced ... grain boundary orientations are also affected ... depends on the addition you have done ... defects might increase or decrease depending on the initial undoped crystal lattice eg ALUMINA is inherently transparent but in presence of defects, it becomes opaque.
Dear brother Mahmood Khan . . . thanks for your quickest reply regarding my query. Your wording matching exactly to describe this phenomenon. I am going to read this article, hopefully I can find some info regarding band gap, density of states and work function . . . . 谢谢你
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