How can multi - walled carbon nanotubes be carboxylated? I've found many methods online, such as using a 3:1 volume ratio of H₂SO₄ and HNO₃ mixed acid for reflux treatment at 70℃ and 90℃ for 6 hours, but with little success. I'd like to ask for a truly effective and feasible method.notube carboxylation issue.
Dear friend Yemei Wang
I understand that you’ve been diligently working on carboxylating multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) using the mixed acid reflux method but haven’t observed the expected outcomes. It can be frustrating when established protocols don’t yield the desired results, and I appreciate your persistence in troubleshooting this process.
Could you share more about the specific effects you’re observing that suggest the carboxylation isn’t proceeding as intended? For example, are you noticing a lack of functional group introduction, or perhaps issues with dispersion or yield? Sometimes, subtle factors such as the purity of the starting nanotubes or the precise environmental conditions during reflux can significantly influence the outcome. It might be worthwhile to review these aspects or consider minor adjustments to the procedure.
Additionally, have you explored alternative approaches, such as incorporating ultrasonication or experimenting with different oxidizing agents? The literature often highlights the importance of parameters like acid concentration, reaction time, and temperature in achieving effective carboxylation. Reviewing recent studies could provide insights into critical conditions or novel techniques that might be more effective for your specific material.
If you’d like, I’m happy to help brainstorm further or review any data you have. Please let me know what you think, and if you’d like to discuss this in more detail.
Some important paper to read/cite:
Article Hierarchical Ni-Mn Double Layered/Graphene Oxide with Excell...
Article Synthesis of Manganese Oxide Nanoparticles Using Similar Pro...
Best regards,
Kaushik
Yemei Wang
Look at the different carboxylation methods and reaction mechanisms
file:///C:/Users/user/Downloads/functionalization-of-carbon-nanotubes-methods-mechanisms-and-technological-realization.pdf
dear friend
To efficiently carboxylate MWCNTs, use gentle reflux in 3 M HNO3 at 90°C for 4–6 hours after dispersion by sonication. After cooling, dilute, filter, and wash to neutral pH, then dry under vacuum at 50–60°C. This method limits structural damage while introducing –COOH groups. It is more controlled and reproducible than H2SO4/HNO3. Further oxidation with KMnO4 can increase the density of –COOH.
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