Metamaterials are artificial materials having negative permitivitty or negative permeability. They can be used in antenna design to improve performance.
Metamterials are fabricated from PBC circuit, thier geometry allows negative permittivity or negative permeability, offering to the antennas good properties such as high gain and wide bandwidth..etc
Metamaterials can be incorporated in antennas in a number of ways e,g in Planar microstrip antennas one can use metamaterial as substrate or superstrate. Also, some zero order resonant antennas are present in the literature which are based on metamaterial design techniques.
metamaterial have to incorporated in the meduim surouding the antenna, or in the path where waves are propagating, so the antenna will have better environnement to present better performances
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