Cher Mohamed 

Je ne suis pas sûr ni de la methode ni même de sa faisabilité mais je vous dirige vers mon ami Pietro Ceccato

Research Scientist at Columbia University qui est le vrai specialiste dans ce domaine 

Vous pouvez le contacter sur Linked IN

Bonne chance et meilleures salutations 

Med Abdellahi

Merci de votre réponse, je vais essayé de le contacter

Soil or atmospheric moisture?

I ask about the soil moisture.

Hi Mohammed,

if I were going to investigate soil moisture, I don't think I would choose MODIS, which works in the VIS and IR band, but a microwave imager such as AMSR-E. AMSR-E flies on the same satellite as one of the MODIS sensors (Aqua) and their homepage actually  mentions a soil moisture product:

http://nsidc.org/data/amsre/

If you really want to use MODIS, there seems to be a publication out there which tries to compute soil moisture from MODIS. The abstract suggest the method has limitations but you can still take a look here:

Cai, G, Xue, Y, Hu, Y, Wang, Y, Guo, J, Luo, Y, Wu, C, Zhong, S, Qi, S (2007). Soil moisture retrieval from MODIS data in Northern China Plain using thermal inertia model. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF REMOTE SENSING, 28(16), 3567-3581.

Cheers,

Karsten

This system explicitly monitors soil moisture for 32 years

"

The soil moisture data record was generated by merging two soil moisture data sets, one derived from active microwave observations and the other from passive microwave observations. The active data set was generated by the Vienna University of Vienna (TU Wien) based on observations from the C-band scatterometers on board of ERS-1, ERS-2 and METOP-A. The passive data set was generated by the VU University Amsterdam in collaboration with NASA based on passive microwave observations from Nimbus 7 SMMR, DMSP SSM/I, TRMM TMI and Aqua AMSR-E.

"

This entire website is dedicated to RS of soil moisture and most of the work is done for you.

http://www.esa-soilmoisture-cci.org/

You can try SMOS soil moisture data products.

https://earth.esa.int/web/guest/-/level-2-soil-moisture-6900

Je t'envoie le message de Pietro

"Humidite du sol: pas facile du tout. J'avais develope un indice pour estimer l'humidite dans la vegetation (ceccato &al 2001,2002a,2002b) mais pour le sol nu c'est beaucoup plus difficile voir impossible avec MODIS. Il faut plutot utiliser SMOS ou SMAP qui sera bientot disponible.

Pietro"

Si tu m'envoies ton email privé je peux t'envoyer ces 3 articles qu'il m'a envoyés

Merci monsieur Babah, mon adresse Email est [email protected] 

You can use total column precipitable water vapor. To gain more information, you can refer to the following publication:

Article Investigation and validation of MODIS SST in the northern Persian Gulf