Conceptually, one has to determine the capacitance C of the capacitor and its maximum operating voltage. In case of energy storage where it will be charged from a DC source and discharged into load, the charging and discharging time constant s and times are important in determining the ripples in the output voltage. Under steady state, and assuming the charging time is Tch and the discharging time to Tdis, then:
Ich. Tch= Idis . Tdis = C DV,
where Ich i the charging time , Idis is the discharging current, and DV is the peak ripple voltage. Using this concept you can estimate your capacitance value for specific applications.