Each crop has its own signature in the form of spectral relectance curve. Likewise, different varieties of wheats have different signatures. I want to classify them.
Analyzing a multispectral image in its false color composite (i.e., the NIR, red, and green spectral bands assigned to the red, green, and blue guns), biomass differences can be identified within a specific plot.
The Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) combines the reflectance of the NIR and red part of the spectrum. This vegetation index has become the most well-known and used index to monitor the health condition of different kinds of ecosystems, representing mainly changes in biomass. The exponential relationship of NIR reflectance corresponds, however, to a limitation to NDVI, which is insensitive after the crop has reached a Leaf Area Index (LAI) of approximately 3 .
Due to the intense field work needed to develop a strong empirical function between biophysical parameters and spectral data, several works have used radiative transfer models for simulating reflectance at different vegetation conditions, and use these data for building the empirical functions.
http://aranne5.lib.ad.bgu.ac.il/others/PimsteinAgustin.pdf
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