Natural Resources Governance Index NRGI, Extractive Industry Transparency Initiative EITI are resourceful institute for benchmarking Natural Resources for Sustainable Development.
Addendum, restructuring and redefining local content variability (injecting concrete legitimate communal laws where Minning, Extractives, Exploration activities are cited) , the modus operandi of Extractive, Mining Industries will greatly be in check for mutual corresponding derivatives geared towards economical development of the locals, case study analysis of Botswana, a country made up of about 400,000 populace making waves in Daimond production Extractives, made stiff rule aligning with its LOCAL CONTENT derivatives constraining foreign industries to exploring, minning and finishing production of Diamonds in Botswana before exporting. This restrictions and constraints in line with the local contents was invaluable in employment creation for locals and essential economical development for Botswana at large. Same trend suit for Rewanda, an African country with fast recovery from poverty. The Advent of crystallizing LOCAL CONTENTS can not be over emphasized.
Governmental Agencies, Environmental Protection Agency EPA and host of others... Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change IPCC in our home country, NIGERIA has to be revamped and functional so that SDGs, Sustainable Development Goals in line with UNSDSN benchmarking catalyzing sustainable development and essentially the pertinent case mentioned here! Very well attainable feasible for sustainable development of NIGERIA.
"Cloned resourceful information, Natural Resources for Sustainable Development, SDG Academy Edcast".
Dear Ebele Chinda,
Good thinking
Sustainability is an essential precondition for the continued existence of human society. Land and Forest are important resources that sustain life on land. However, in Nigeria, these resources are depleting due to land degradation, deforestation and pollution. The increasing human population in developing countries is putting pressure on their finite land resources and causing land degradation. Sectoral approaches to planning for the alleviation of this situation have frequently not been effective, and an integrated approach is required that involves all stakeholders from the outset, accommodates the qualities and limitations of each land unit component, and produces viable land use options. It is the basis for many life support systems, through the production of biomass that provides food, fodder, fibre, fuel, timber and other biotic materials for human use, either directly or through animal husbandry including aquaculture and inland and coastal fishery (the production function). "Land is a delineable area of the earth's terrestrial surface, encompassing all attributes of the biosphere immediately above or below this surface, including those of the near-surface climate, the soil and terrain forms, the surface hydrology (including shallow lakes, rivers, marshes, and swamps), the near-surface sedimentary layers and associated groundwater reserve, the plant and animal populations, the human settlement pattern and physical results of past and present human activity (terracing, water storage or drainage structures, roads, buildings, etc.)."
1. Land is the basis of terrestrial biodiversity by providing the biological habitats and gene reserves for plants, animals and micro-organisms, above and below ground (the biotic environmental function).
2. Land and its use are a source and sink of greenhouse gases and form a co-determinant of the global energy balance - reflection, absorption and transformation of radiative energy of the sun, and of the global hydrological cycle (the climate regulative function)
3. Land provides space for the transport of people, inputs and produce, and for the movement of plants and animals between discrete areas of natural ecosystems (the connective space function).
The suitability of the land for these functions varies greatly over the world. Landscape units, as natural resources units, have a dynamism of their own, but human influences affect this dynamism to a great extent, in space and time. The qualities of the land for one or more functions may be improved (for instance, through erosion control measures), but more often than not the land has been or is being degraded by human action.
Governments follow sound macro-economic and effective poverty reduction policies as a necessary condition for more sustainable management of land resources. An enabling legal framework is also required. Economic tools such as taxes, duties, and fees support both decision-making and sustainable landscape-ecological policy. Fines imposed for inappropriate land use, environmental pollution, human health endangerment or injury, and breach of regulations help eliminate environmental problems. The government can create an efficient and cost effective intra-government communications and information sharing system. There is a essential need of spatial data, both in reviewing evaluating and managing resource and environment and in preparing and coordinating the path to sustainable developments.
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