This question explores how economic models can be used to effectively allocate limited healthcare resources to ensure that medical services are provided more fairly to all, particularly vulnerable groups, under resource constraints. By applying quantitative economic methods such as cost-effectiveness analysis, priority assessment, and demand forecasting, policymakers can allocate healthcare resources more scientifically to ensure that every group receives the necessary medical services.

Additionally, this question focuses on how to balance efficiency and fairness in resource-constrained environments. For example, how to maximize health benefits for patients with limited budgets, avoid waste of medical resources, and ensure equal opportunities for different social classes or regions. This involves policy decisions such as allocating funds, designing health insurance policies, and prioritizing urgent treatments.