How can climate resilient agriculture contribute to mitigating climate change and reducing greenhouse gas emissions and farmers perception on climate change in India?
Respected Sir
Rk Naresh
Contribution of Climate-Resilient Agriculture to Mitigating Climate Change and Reducing Greenhouse Gas Emissions
Farmers' Perception on Climate Change in India
Conclusion
Climate-resilient agriculture plays a vital role in mitigating climate change by enhancing carbon sequestration, reducing greenhouse gas emissions, and promoting sustainable practices. Farmers in India are increasingly aware of climate change, with varying perceptions influenced by regional impacts and access to information and resources. Supporting farmers through education, extension services, and financial assistance is essential for the widespread adoption of climate-resilient practices, contributing to both climate mitigation and agricultural sustainability.
Yes, conservation agriculture has shown to reduce farming systems' greenhouse gas emissions and enhance their role as carbon sinks. Conservation Agriculture can increase the ability of small farmers to adapt to climate change by reducing vulnerability to drought and enriching the local natural resource base. Carbon dioxide emissions can be reduced by planting additional crops outside of the primary growing season as cover cropping. Using cultivation methods that cause fewer disturbances to soil also can reduce carbon dioxide emissions. Among these measures are: soil management practices that reduce fertilizer use and increase crop diversification; promotion of legumes in crop rotations; increasing biodiversity, the availability of quality seeds and integrated crop/livestock systems; promotion of low energy production systems. Growing different crops together in the same field or integrating trees with crops can enhance biodiversity, reduce soil erosion, and increase climate resilience. Organic farming has the potential for reducing GHG emissions and improving organic carbon sequestration. This system eliminates synthetic nitrogen fertilizers and thus could lower global agricultural GHG emissions. Agroforestry production is also under threat because of adverse climate change impacts such as depletion of natural resources, predominance of insect pests, diseases and unwanted species, increased damage on agriculture and forests, and enhanced food insecurity. By boosting soil health, reducing erosion, and enhancing water absorption and land drainage, these methods promote resilience to climate change in agriculture. Most of the farmers perceive that in the past 20 years, the temperature levels have risen. About 87 per cent of the farmers noticed an increased number of hot days, while only 4 per cent observed a decrease in the number of hot days, and 9 per cent reported no change in it. These changes are perceived by farmers to lead to the occurrence of prolonged dry seasons or unpredictable excessive rainfall and are often associated with a risk of decreasing crop productivity. Over two-thirds (67%) of the farmers believed that climate change is occurring due to anthropogenic activities. Half (50%) of the farmers disagreed that climate change is happening due to natural changes.
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