Reduce direct evaporation during irrigation by avoiding midday sprinkling. Minimize foliar interception by under-canopy, rather than by overhead sprinkling. Reduce runoff and percolation losses due to over irrigation. Reduce evaporation from bare soil by mulching and by keeping the inter-row strips dry. Analyzing the soil and crop type a comprehensive analysis of static factors like soil and crop types is another step towards ensuring effective water management. As water-intensive crops like sugarcane and maize have higher crop water need than the ones not so heavily dependent on the resource. Smart water management is the improvement of water management that features intelligent systems comprising a range of hardware and software, meters, sensors, and data storage, processing and visualization tools to Monitor, control, and regulate water quality water flow and maintain system-related equipment.

Improving water use efficiency in agriculture is a critical issue, particularly in areas facing water scarcity. Here are some ways in which agriculture can improve water use efficiency:

Precision farming and smart water management in agriculture are two approaches that can improve water use efficiency.

Smart water management in agriculture involves the use of technology to monitor and manage water usage. This can include sensors that measure soil moisture, weather stations that provide data on precipitation and temperature, and automated irrigation systems that deliver water to crops only when needed.

The agriculture can improve water use efficiency through a combination of efficient irrigation systems, crop selection and management, monitoring and managing soil moisture, and recycling and reusing water. Precision farming and smart water management are two approaches that can help achieve these goals.

Dear Dr Aldona Minga thank you for your contribution to the discussion

A comprehensive analysis of static factors like soil and crop types is another step towards ensuring effective water management. For example, water-intensive crops like sugarcane and maize have higher crop water need than the ones not so heavily dependent on the resource. A comprehensive analysis of static factors like soil and crop types is another step towards ensuring effective water management. As water-intensive crops like sugarcane and maize have higher crop water need than the ones not so heavily dependent on the resource. Drip irrigation systems deliver water directly to a plant's roots, reducing the evaporation that happens with spray watering systems. Timers can be used to schedule watering for the cooler parts of the day, further reducing water loss. Precision farming uses modern technologies such as satellite imagery or field mapping to improve crop quality and profitability.Evapotranspirational and transpirational water use efficiency can be increased by raising soil nutrient levels. Adequately fertilized soils promote rapid leaf area expansion, thus increasing transpiration, and more rapid ground cover, thus reducing evaporation and increasing evapotranspirational water use efficiency.Reduce direct evaporation during irrigation by avoiding midday sprinkling. Minimize foliar interception by under-canopy, rather than by overhead sprinkling. Reduce runoff and percolation losses due to over irrigation. Drip irrigation achieves 95-100% water use efficiency. As a comparison, sprinkler systems have 80-85% water use efficiency and flood and furrow are 60-70% efficient. Efficiency is defined as the effectiveness of the system on crop performance and eventually on yield. Water is a critical input for agricultural production and plays an important role in food security. Irrigated agriculture represents 20 percent of the total cultivated land and contributes 40 percent of the total food produced worldwide. Around 70 percent of freshwater withdrawals go into agriculture. The uses within the sector are very diverse and include mainly irrigation, pesticide and fertilizer application, and sustaining livestock. Further along the value chain, water is used for food preservation and processing.

There are several ways that agriculture can improve water use efficiency:

Precision farming and smart water management can also help improve water use efficiency in agriculture. Precision farming involves using technology such as GPS, drones, and sensors to collect data on crop performance and soil conditions, allowing farmers to make more informed decisions about irrigation and other management practices. Smart water management systems use real-time data on weather, soil moisture, and water availability to optimize irrigation and other water use practices, reducing waste and improving crop yields. These systems can also use predictive analytics to anticipate future water requirements and plan accordingly. Overall, improving water use efficiency in agriculture is critical for sustainable food production, water conservation, and climate resilience.

https://timesagriculture.com/revolutionizing-agriculture-precision-farming-impact-on-crop-yield-and-cost/

Dear Fayaz Hussain thank you for your contribution to the discussion

Sustainable water management has huge role to play in doubling farmers' incomes, a goal set by the government. It will contribute to improving crop yield and enhancing crop quality, and crop quality can fetch higher returns to farmers. Smart Water Management is the activity of planning, developing, distributing and managing the use of water resources using an array of IoT technologies which are designed to increase transparency, and make more reasonable and sustainable usage of these water resources.Sustainable water management in agriculture, which has a multi-functional role in Mediterranean region can be achieved by adopting improvements in irrigation application, soil and plant practices, water pricing, reuse of treated wastewater, farmers' participation in water management and capacity building.Water management in precision farming can be achieved through techniques as drip irrigation, which delivers water directly to the roots of the plant, and soil moisture sensors, which can help farmers monitor soil moisture levels and avoid overwatering. Precision irrigation is a unique sustainable agricultural approach that allows the application of water and nutrients to the plant at the right time and place and in small measured doses in order to provide it with optimal growing conditions. Reduce direct evaporation during irrigation by avoiding midday sprinkling. Minimize foliar interception by under-canopy, rather than by overhead sprinkling. Reduce runoff and percolation losses due to over irrigation. Reduce evaporation from bare soil by mulching and by keeping the inter-row strips dry. Productive use of water means better food and nutrition for families, more income and productive employment. Targeting high water productivity can reduce cost of cultivation of crops and lower energy requirements for water withdrawal.Drip irrigation achieves 95-100% water use efficiency. As a comparison, sprinkler systems have 80-85% water use efficiency and flood and furrow are 60-70% efficient. Efficiency is defined as the effectiveness of the system on crop performance and eventually on yield. Water-use efficiency is an important index in climate change research and hydrological studies, as it reflects how the carbon and water cycles are coupled and is an effective integral trait for assessing the responses of vegetated ecosystems to climate change.