The reason for the different C/O ratios is the different success of reduction process. It's actually the same as for GO. The more oxidized material is, the more functional groups containing oxygen are present. This means oxidation process was more successful. The influence of GO particle size (area and number of layers) is also important. In the case of rGO preparation, it is exactly reversed. For the success of the reduction, the influence of exfoliation degree and particle size of the initial GO is important. If all of these factors are not exactly identical, the reduction of GO material always results in a slightly different C/O ratio.
So the main reason depends on situation. If starting material is perfectly identical, than the main reason lies in the incomplete keeping of all the conditions. And if the conditions are strictly identical, then the main reason for the difference in C/O ratio is the starting material.
Dear Lucas...
Many thanks for the valuable information... The case is that all the tests I have carried out (TGA, X-Ray, Raman) referred to successful reduction. For XPS, all the C/O ratios I have obtained for my rGOs are higher than that obtained for GO which refer to successful reduction but the C/O ratios was different (they have variation up and down). For example, the literature review shows that as the temperature of reduction going higher, so C/O should go higher as well. In my case, the higher temperatures employed for obtaining reduction scored lower C/O ratio as compared with lower temperatures employed for the similar purposes. please, if you have a paper(s) mentioning the reasons behind this with more details so it would be highly appreciated if you can share it (them) with me. Many thanks again for the important clarifications.
Dear friend, reduced graphene oxide is synthesized by reducing graphene oxide (GO) in a number of ways like thermal reduction, chemical reduction, hydrothermal reduction etc. The reduction efficiency of these process is not equal. Further, it depends on the reduction time, reduction condition and concentration of reducing agent. Depending on these you will get the different extent of reduction and hence different C/O ratio. Because reduction process eliminates the oxygen-containing functional groups that were earlier present in GO. You can check the C/O ratio by simple CHNS/O analysis or by XPS. I think you get the answer.
Dear Madhab... Many thanks for sharing your valuable knowledge. Kind regards.
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