some times we have pathogenic symptom after we using biologecal control agent and cause confusing.
Dear Dr. Ali
Trichoderma spp. are the most effective bio- fungicides applied in today’s agriculture with more than 60 % of the registered biofungicides world-wide being Trichoderma-based (see attached article). But there are few literature reported that Trichoderma species are mainly responsible for continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis–associated peritonitis and invasive infections in immunocompromised patients. ُEven, it is possibly, but no report refer to the Trichoderma in particular T. harzianum as plant pathogenic fungi as far as I know.
Good luck
Dear Ali
Have you examined the fungal culture, it might be contaminated with plant pathogenic fungus
Dear Dr. Ali
Both bio-control agents reported as pathogen in few plants also evidenced by Dr. Jawad Abood Al-Janabi. These may become pathogenic or appear as pathogen in individual plant somehow is in stress situation (abiotic or biotic). However, pathogenicity of Pseudomonas fluorescens or Trichoderma sp. must be confirmed by Koch Postulates.
Dear Dr .Ali
few reports indicates that gliotoxin and Viridin produced by T. virens inhibited germination and root growth of Mustared at 1 ppm. T.lgnorum cause post harvest decay on apple and citrus fruit . Pyron produced by T. harzianum inhibited plant growth ,for more details you can see Trichoderma and Gliocladium Edited by Christian P.Kubicek Volume 2 chapter 9
Best Regard
Thanks for all Colleagues who respone to my request . Dose the high concentration of inoculom related in pathogenicity of biocontrol agent ?
Thanks
may be phyto toxicity , not pathogenicity, might result in reduced growth
It is not correct to increase the inoculum doses of Trichoderma harzianum, which could make overlapping to growth of this fungus and reduced its antagonistic capability. Good luck
Article Trichoderma Afroharzianum Ear Rot-A New Disease on Maize in Europe
Trichoderma species are widespread filamentous fungi in soils, on plant roots and decaying plant residues. Due to their strong competitiveness and mycoparasitic activity against other fungi, particular strains of Trichoderma sp. are used in agriculture as biocontrol agents against plant pathogens. Commercial products based on strains of T. harzianum or T. afroharzianum have been applied to control Rhizoctonia spp., Fusarium spp., and Phytophthora spp. in various crops. In 2018, however, severe infections of Trichoderma on maize ears were recorded for the first time in a field in Southern Germany. Infected maize cobs were sampled, the fungus was isolated in pure culture and preliminarily identified microscopically as T. harzianum. After silk channel inoculation in the greenhouse, ear rot disease of high severity was observed. In addition to fungal colonization, the dry matter content in cobs was significantly reduced compared to water inoculated cobs. In 2018 and 2019, a total of 13 T. harzianum isolates from maize cobs and maize stalks were isolated and tested, for pathogenicity on maize plants in the greenhouse, compared to several reference isolates. Four isolates proved to be highly aggressive, two biocontrol isolates, Trichodex (T39), and strain T12, induced slight infection and eleven isolates were non-pathogenic. After sequencing of the translation elongation factor-1α (tef-1α) and internal transcribes spacers (ITS), the four highly aggressive isolates were reassigned to T. afroharzianum, while the commercial biocontrol isolates Trichodex (T39), and T12, as well as the other non-pathogenic strains belonged to T. harzianum, T. atroviride, or T. tomentosum. This, to our knowledge, is the first report on Trichoderma sp. as a pathogen causing ear rot disease in maize in Europe with the potential to incite significant yield losses. We therefore propose to name this disease as “Trichoderma ear rot on maize”.
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