I am working on the esterification of carboxylic acids. So, I try to identify the acids and their esters together on the same plate by Thin-layer chromatography.
Try to make a TLC using dichlomethane-methanol-acetic acid in ratio 96: 3: 1. The carboxylic acid spot moves slightly to the ester. Acetic acid ensures that the carboxylic acid spot look compact.
acids are polar molecules. The corresponding ester is always non-polar. so you can easily differentiate. develop a mobile phase where your acid is moving in the middle of the TLC. Then spot the acid and ester and see the difference, definitely there will be a difference in polarity. take NMR to confirm further
Yes they are well differentiated depending upon the chose of your solvent. Best solvent system are ( Hex:E.A) and (MC:MeOH). If your compound show tailing add one drop of formic acid in TLC jar.
It depends to general polarity of cpd's, but estes will always be less polar than acids(some exceptions for very poar alkohols). Try hex/AcOEt if cpd is medium or low polar. Acid be at the starting line or colse, ester will run. For polar cpd's better wil be MeOH/DCM. Solvents ratio must be adjusted experimenttally.