Dear Dr,

It must be acknowledged that public sector institutions' performance all over the world seems to be below-par that of the private sector institutions and such kinds of questions and research directed towards the improvement of the public sector are in order.

I will proceed with your first question on how to improve the performance of public sector institutions and I presume that not within the context of the use of AI since the second question triggered such context. My take on improving the performance of the public sector is to first learn from the efficiencies of the private sector. Let's take an example, a private university against a public university. The private university charges moderate tuition fees that can offset most of the expenditures of the university and within that financing model, they can run the university with profits that make the university run for many years without liquidity challenges. On the other hand, when a public university comes to the limelight, it's a different issue altogether. The related fees and tuition fees charged seem to be so unrealistic that they barely meet the basic expenditures of the university. They then resort to subvention from the governmental bodies to defray the remaining expenditures. Another example could help bring more clarity. Take the budgeting and expenditure patterns of the private sector to that of the public sector. One sees that the public sector is disincentivized for running on a surplus budget. The private sector rewards the managers of a firm with bonuses for running on a surplus budget and the remaining surplus is reinvested to generate further surplus and profits the cycle continues sustaining the firm for ages. However, the public sector manager is punished with budget cuts for running a surplus budget, and that makes the manager suffer in the ensuing year with a limited budget. These and others stifle the performance of the managers of the public sector thus affecting the overall performance of the public sector. Hence, the experience of the private sector is a blueprint for the public sector if the public sector institutions are to perform creditably.

On the second question, AI is a great advancement tool that needs to be integrated into the governance structure of the public sector institutions to improve the effective and efficient delivery of public goods to the public. These AI tools can undertake routine tasks and digest a mass of data to help improve both task accomplishments and decisions within the private sector that has adopted it since it emerged. The public sector can do the same to ensure that AI improves their efficiency and effectiveness in task delivery. Thus, the potential of AI in the public sector is enormous for public sector institutions if they selectively rely on better AI systems. This can go a long way to enhance the overall performance of public sector institutions in general with the adoption and integration of AI as a tool for performance. Worth noting is the human resources management of public sector institutions, AI could be used to monitor and accurately track individual performances of public staff. Performance metrics could be fed into AI algorithms to check the performance of staff and this same system can be used to make improvements and suggestions to underperforming staff of public sector institutions. It is in fact, a good tool for HRM in the public sector to effectively leverage individual members of staff within the public sector institutions to perform at a required level. This AI tool can also be used for recruitment drives within public sector institutions as well and to help predict the reliability of recruited staff to add to the overall performance of the public sector institutions.

Thus, AI as a tool has great potential for both the performance of staff and the overall performance of public sector institutions if effectively Integrated within the public sector to leverage its performance.

Hello, Dear Dr. George. I'm glad that you found the concept I presented to be agreeable and excellent. Indeed, there are some countries facing challenges in using and implementing artificial intelligence tools in the public sector. This could be due to a lack of awareness of the benefits of these tools and their positive impact on improving public sector performance and work quality.

Some officials are concerned that artificial intelligence tools may pose a threat to them or increase unemployment rates, possibly because they don't fully understand the benefits of these tools and their ability to enhance efficiency and productivity without replacing humans. There may also be legal and ethical challenges associated with the use of artificial intelligence in some countries.

However, there are successful examples of using artificial intelligence technology in the public sector in some countries. The private sector is often willing to experiment, innovate, and value the importance of change. The public sector can greatly benefit from the experiences of the private sector in utilizing artificial intelligence. This includes sharing knowledge, experiences, and implementing best practices to enhance performance and achieve improvements.

Thank you for sharing your perspective and positive approach towards benefiting from successful experiences in the private sector. I wish you success in your research,

Best regards and deep appreciation.

The question posed by Awad Mabrok is interesting and two-faced. As the actual question implies, it is certainly true that public figures and especially politicians can benefit from the use of AI to their public appearance and speeches. In fact this would be beneficial also in terms of credibility and supposed competence in the matters treated by these individuals. However, apart from the reassurance enjoyed by the audience to be led by appropriate people, hence providing support (vote) and power to fraudulent people, the way would be paved for the rule of AI rather than human competence in all matters involving the civil life. Are we sure that this would be an advantage in the long run?

Dear Professor Romano Rinaldi,

I appreciate your deep understanding of my question and for taking it to other important dimensions that, as you noted, have a profound impact on public life and the role of using artificial intelligence tools in the lives of individuals and the elite of politicians and public figures.

As for your very big question about being sure that using artificial intelligence tools will be an advantage in the long term, the answer is that no one can be sure. We are still in the early stages of experimentation, and even countries and institutions that have already adopted these tools do not know how far they will ultimately go. However, so far, the evidence suggests that artificial intelligence has the potential to be a major force for good in the world. It can help us to improve our productivity, efficiency, and quality of life. However, it is important to use artificial intelligence responsibly and ethically. We need to ensure that it is used in a way that benefits all of humanity, not just a select few.

I believe that one of the most important things we can do to ensure that artificial intelligence is used for good is to enact laws and regulations that govern its use. These laws should be designed to ensure that artificial intelligence is used in a safe, fair, and responsible way. They should also ensure that artificial intelligence is not used to replace human workers or to discriminate against certain groups of people.

I am confident that, with careful planning and foresight, we can use artificial intelligence to build a better future for all of us.

Sincerely,

Awad Mabrok

I fully agree with you, Awad Mabrok, as to the need of laws and regulations, at the international level, aimed at limiting (impossible to stop) the fraudulent or irresponsible use of AI in so many fields of which we can only imagine but a few.

I also believe much progress can be achieved by the use of AI in many fields of science and technology, medicine, biology, physics, etc. As with other technological advancements, AI will be instrumental in changing our habits quite radically in the years to come. However, all these changes will also affect all the bad uses which, just as the good ones, are limited only by the fantasy of the human intelligence, with the help of the Artificial intelligence!

Indeed, this is the foundation or basis ... human imagination and desire to use artificial intelligence tools. Trends are determined by human intentions and desires, whether individual, organizational, formal, or informal. We can only hope that humanity will act rationally, at least at the level of states and formal organizations, using positive artificial intelligence in the important areas that Professor .