Hi,

It is rather a question whether it is possible to distinguish by analytical methods poor quality meat from high quality meat. To do this, it would be necessary to check what rules have been set in this regard for example by EFSA (ref. below).

" EFSA has been requested to produce different scientific opinions on the use of animal-based measures to assess the welfare of farm animals."

" The Farm Animal Welfare Council of the UK proposed that an animal‘s welfare should be considered in terms of ― five freedoms‖ that define ideal states rather than standards for acceptable welfare. These are

(1) freedom from hunger and thirst,

(2) freedom from discomfort,

(3) freedom from pain, injury or disease,

(4) freedom from fear and distress and

(5) freedom to express normal behaviour (FAWC, 2009)"

I'm don't sure it's possible to find the link for example between "freedom from discomfort" and any analytical endpoint related to some levels or concentrations in meat for example. From my perspective, you can assess the welfare level but not by analytical methods. Now any roles for that (analytical assessment of welfare) probably are not available.

EFSA guidance could be useful for you:

https://efsa.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.2903/j.efsa.2012.2767

Hope it helps

Best regards

Tomasz

Dear Mr. Atikul,

I did a research on method development based on chromatography analysis. My study sample based on different type of animal sources. If you would like to differentiate between welfare and non-welfare meat, HPLC tools is a good approach for your study. This tool can differentiate protein based on the amino acid concentration. Hope this could help you to begin your discovery in protein study.

Dear Professor Tomasz Grabowski

Thank you for your answer. We are trying to analysis different corner such as nutritional element ( doi.org/10.1016/j.meatsci.2020.108344 ), volatile organic compound, and non volatile compound. But, we are not satisfied this findings. We are trying to find stable compound or any other chemical method to distinguish animal welfare and animal non welfare meat in market to control meat adulteration.

Thank you

Dear Zharif Zulkarnail

Thank you for your suggestions. We have tried HPLC-DAD analysis with different solvent extract but their chromatogram peak was same. There was not significant difference between animal welfare and animal non welfare meat.

Thank you

If you found only slight difference percentages, you can try multi variant analysis tools such as Principal Component Analysis (PCA) to differentiate between animal welfare and animal non welfare meat based on amino acid analysis data.

Thank you

Dear Zharif Zulkarnail

Thank you for your idea. We have tried PCA analysis based on elemental composition "Elemental composition of pork meat from conventional and animal welfare farms by inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES) and ICP-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) and their authentication via multivariate chemometric analysis" . We are trying better chemical method for distinguishing between animal welfare and non welfare meat.

Thank you