In an electromagnetic wave, the energy of the electric field is converted into a magnetic field and vice versa. So there should be a 90 degree phase difference between them. Not only this, as the frequency of the electromagnetic wave increases, the magnetic force applied by it increases.
1. https://www.iosrjournals.org/iosr-jap/papers/Vol14-issue2/Ser-1/F1402013441.pdf
2. AIP Conference Proceedings 2451, 020071 (2022), https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0095623
Maxwell's equations (dh/dt = k de/dx) imply the phase difference. So, if the e-field varies as f(x)cos(t), then the h-field will vary as f'(x)sin(t). Why do you say there is no phase difference?
It seems you show a TEM mode. So, in Figure 1, the waves are 180, and in Figure 2, 90 degrees out of phase. Is it correct? How do you get 180 degrees? So when are they 0 degrees out of phase, as stated in your question?
Dmitry Gorodetsky ,
Let me know what do you think about the following and don't corelate it to work of Maxwell and others.
The current is straight but its effect is circular, why?
Dmitry Gorodetsky
Maxwell's equations (dh/dt = k de/dx) means that when the electric field changes fastest with distance, the magnetic field changes fastest with time. In sine and cosine waves the fastest change happens at the zero crossing. This means that the magnetic field is zero in time at the distance where the electric field is zero. As they are both zero at that time and distance they are in phase with each other.
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