In my opinion it should be possible to obtain a friction coefficient from you measurements (assuming that you've got the geometry data, embedded fiber length, filament diameter, etc. available). The following paper might help you: DOI: 10.4172/2165-784X.1000140
According to the categorization in this article in Figure 1, your experiment shows some slip softening, as the force decline is degressive.
If you mean the internal friction of fibres, with yarn pull-out test, you have two additional parameters the textile structure and the yarn structure. You can use this method only to compare internal friction between fibres if the final products have the same yarn and fabric structure.