On ASK (Amplitude Shift Keying) or APSK (Amplitude and Phase Shift Keying) how is it possible to map the different symbol amplitudes into the constelation considering that the signal is attenuated at the reciever ?
It is possible since receivers always perform equalization on the received attenuated signals to compensate for the effect of channel fading impairments. After this process demodulation process takes the role of detecting the transmitted symbols.
The transmitted signal will be attenuated and distorted in the transmission channel.
It will be also contaminated by noise from the receiver. So, the function of the receiver is to amplify the signal by low noise amplifier, then it will be demodulated to extract the base band signal from the carrier. After which the base band will be equailzed to compensate for the amplifier and phase distortion. Then it is passed in a matched filter to maximize it s signal to noise ratio. Now we have a signal constellation which resembles the transmitted one. The signal vectors are detected and mapped to their corresponding logic values corresponding to original constellation.In stead of polar coordinates one can use the I and Q components of the constellation points.
Then one has to detect the amplitude and translate it the corresponding logic I or Q value.
Thanks fo the detailed explanation. However which would be the most common procedure for obtaining the optimal Filter for Channel Equalization ?! Would it be suitable for a simple hardware ?!
Normally one uses two filters one for equalization and the other for noise minimization called matched filters.As base band filters, the signal is converted to digital form by a suitable analog to digital converter and the equalizer is and the matched filters are implemented in a digital form. In the advanced radio technology, you can find software defined radio platforms having programmable devices such as DSP processor and field program able gate arrays. However for simple transceivers one can use analog and mixed hardware circuits.