https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sNhhvQGsMEc

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3lTvVTnjU5U

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9ipVNPtHrRc

The vastness of space.

“Thank you so much for your kind rearrangments and helpful commets. This feedbacks are the best one I've had ever in other sites."

Dear colleagues,

the question is: “Are we alone in the universe?”

I am geologist and palaeontologist, and based on my knowledge of the Earth history I come to the conclusion, that in the whole universe probably are only very planets with intelligent life. It is even possible, that our planet Earth is the only planet with intelligent life in the whole universe.

My detailed reasoning is given in following paper:

https://www.researchgate.net/publication/339644061_Milliarden_Jahre_Evolution_-_Geschenk_und_Auftrag_Billions_of_years_of_evolution_-_gift_and_mission

My considerations can be summarized as follows: The life on our planet is the result of 3.9 billion years of evolution. From the first primitive cell has evolved the abundance of life on Earth - including us, the human beings. In order for this first primitive cell to develop into the fullness and beauty of life and human civilization that we can observe today, the following circumstances and events, which can only be described as extremely extraordinary, were necessary, among others, in the course of the Earth's history:

1. About 4.53 billion years ago, a planet with approximately the size of Mars collided with the Earth.

2. The beginning and the strength of the release of oxygen by water-splitting photosynthesis was such that the Earth always had a temperature that was conducive to life.

3. The impact of a huge meteorite 66 million years ago caused the mass extinction at the end of the Cretaceous period.

4. Shortly after Homo sapiens had emigrated from Africa, was an interbreeding with Homo neanderthalensis.

Although there are an immense number of suns and planets in the universe, it is not likely that there are many planets with intelligent life. When we look at the series of events and circumstances that were necessary to bring forth what we now see on our blue planet, it is hard to imagine that many planets remain. The events are so extraordinary and the necessity that they had to happen at a certain time or at least in a certain period of time is so compelling that the probability of other intelligent life becomes very small. It is possible that planet Earth is the only planet in the whole universe that has produced intelligent life.

***

By the way, Sandberg et al. (2018) provide a condensed compilation of scientific data on the "Fermi Paradox". Although they take a different approach to their model calculations, they also conclude that there are probably no more civilizations of intelligent life in our galaxy, and possibly even in the entire observable universe.

Sandberg, A. & Drexler, E. & Ord, T. (2018): Dissolving the Fermi Paradox. – arXiv:1806.02404 [physics.pop-ph].: pp. 1–19. – Website: https://arxiv.org/abs/1806.02404

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