Reduced pore space results from the compression of soil particles during soil compaction. This can be brought on by human activities such as farming or building, or it can happen naturally owing to elements like rainfall or the weight of heavy machinery. The quantity of air and water that soil can hold is lowered when it is compacted because the pore space between soil particles is reduced. Due to the fact that plant roots require both air and water to grow correctly, this may result in diminished soil fertility. Compacted soil is less able to absorb rainwater, which over time can result in erosion and deteriorated soil health.