How to decide wich method (between hydrodistillation using Clevenger type-apparatus or Soxhlet extraction)
to use for extracting essential oils from raw plants?
There are many methods used for the extraction of volatile oils, however, the most common method is hydrodistillation. If your plant is aromatic and has a strong odor, start with the most common method as mentioned here; Article Sage, Salvia officinalis L., Constituents, Hepatoprotective ...
https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules25204735
https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/chemistry/extraction-methods
http://www.ajbasweb.com/old/ajbas/2016/November/117-127.pdf
https://naldc.nal.usda.gov/download/CAT87201712/PDF
https://doi.org/10.2174/1389200219666180723144850
https://www.unido.org/sites/default/files/2009-10/Extraction_technologies_for_medicinal_and_aromatic_plants_0.pdf
https://doi.org/10.1155/2018/1651629
Regards
The Hydrodistillation method is a preferable method for extracting essential volatile oil. You can use the Cleavenger apparatus for extracting oil from any type of plant samples like wood, leaves, flowers, rhizome, or seeds.
Best of luck.
Dear Drs Hamdoon-Mohammed, Hamid-Farhang and Bipul-Das-Chowdhury
Thank you very much for the information. It is really useful.
Best regards
The Hydrodistillation is a preferable method to obtain the essential oil. You can use the Cleavenger apparatu.
There are four methods of volatile oil isolation
1.Direct steam distillation, 2. Expression, 3. Extraction, 4. Enzymatic hydrolysis
1. Direct steam distillation -3 sub methods according to nature of volatile oil constituents
1a. Water distillation- dried plant ( not degraded at 100°C) e.g. turpentine oil
1b. Water & steam distillation- dried/ fresh drug macerated first for hrs (undergo degradation by direct boiling) e.g. clove oil
1c. Direct steam distillation- fresh drug e.g. peppermint & spearmint oil
2. Expression(best for Rutaceae family fruits)
If No. of compound of vol. oil undergo decomposition by distillation than this technique is used ; 4 sub techniques
2a.Sponge method
2b.Scarification process(Ecuelle)
2c.Rasping process
2d.Mechanical process
3.Extraction
For plant which contain very small amount of volatile oil or oil contents decompose upon steam distillation - 2 sub techniques
3a. Extraction with volatile solvent e.g. hexane benzene, pet. Ether (jasmine species flower)
3b. Extraction with non-volatile solvent e.g. lard tallow & olive oil - sub technique
-Enfleurage method
-Pneumatic method
-Maceration method
4. Enzymatic hydrolysis
Volatile oil found in the form of odorless glycosidal combinations
Above is protocol according to type of chemical constituents one wants to isolate.
Essential oil constituents are volatile enteties and have to be isolated using either distillation or - in the case of citrus oils - cold expression. Suxhlet is not designed to extract essential oils. Suxhlet works best for fixed-oils(for example flaxseed oil) extraction.
Hello Dear,
The best methodes for EO extraction (importante yield and typical quality of you EO) is hydrodistilation with Clevenger apparatus. Soxlet is not use for EO extraction.
Best of luck
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