How can we measure entrepreneurial skills and knowledge of university students? What is the appropriate measurement scale ?
@Saeid Karimi
This study (DOI given below) has used Entrepreneurial Skills although I couldn't find the source of scale adoption in the study. Authors have cited the sources for all other four variables used except for entrepreneurial skills.
DOI 10.1108/EJTD-10-2019-0174
Dear respected Sir, please this paper for measuring entrepreneurial skills of university students. I have highlighted that part.
Saeid Karimi One of the most important entrepreneurial skills is how to formulate effective ideas and conduct feasibility studies in an accurate manner
I'm going to answer this a little differently than what you asked for. I don't believe entrepreneurial success is determined solely by entrepreneurial skills and knowledge. While these are important, I believe they are secondary to that success—they are probably necessary, but not sufficient for that success.
These are the four significant principles that have emerged over the span of my career that are critical for the success of entrepreneurs. They are:
1. Follow your passion.
2. Follow your heart—take guidance from your higher wisdom, not just your mind.
3. Create significant value wherever you find yourself.
4. Help others succeed, be they employees, students you mentor, colleagues, or any others you encounter.
How to measure:
1. Passion comes from doing what is aligned with your core inner purpose. For more on this, see Dr. Holly Woods' The Golden Thread: https://www.amazon.com/Golden-Thread-Where-Purpose-Stages-ebook/dp/B086YD8WMY.
2. Following your heart is essentially driven by right-brain approaches. There are a number of assessments that determine hemispheric dominance.
3. and 4. Are they self-centric or other-centric? This has to do with orientation and relationship to the world outside themselves. I'm sure there are assessments that address this, as well.
I hope this helps!
Dear Don McCrea ,
Thank you for sharing your thoughts and knowledge on this topic. This is really helpful!
Saeid Karimi GThanl yoy for asking.
The ability to know what to do without previous specific experience, i.e. to be able to create knowledge, is a typical skill for entrepreneurs. I would say.
Saeid Karimi I also think that Don McCrea are on to something with his 1-4 . If you want to read more about different entrepreneurial archtypes and my research - About the test – Entrepreneur profile test or www.entrepreneurprofiletest.com
In my point of view as an entrepreneur and manager... the next tools can be used to measure the maturity of an entrepeneur and his/her idea: First of all: MPV - Minial Product Viable... as test for final users of the idea. Second one: Quality Function Deployment as a tools to work in group to better understanding of the MVP... and Third one is The hability to build a Elevator Speech or/and Executive Sumary with two main data: TIR and VAN of the investment (CANVAS Model can be a good complement).... Business plan is a secondary document and many times it is not really needed.
Well how about try this Entrepreneur profile test – Find out what motivates and drives you . www entrepreneurprofiletest.com
I believe you are looking for firstly people who are entrepreneurial minded and then to assess their level of inclination. One measure of that is their risk tolerance.
Maybe it can help, the article is in Portuguese, needs to be translated. This article presents a study on the topic of your interest that was carried out at a university in Brazil. PDF Link: http://seer.senacrs.com.br/index.php/RC/article/view/790/425
Dear Colleague,
Without the skills mentioned at all, being an exhaustive list, entrepreneurs should have the so-called entrepreneurial spirit. They need to be flexible and see opportunities where others see obstacles, communication competence, critical and creative thinking, and strategic thinking. Enterpreuneral requires organizational skills, time management, team management, business and financial knowledge, brand management, orientation to constant learning and upgrading, curiosity, vision, etc.
Regards,
Yanica
Yes Yanica Dimitrova I think you are right on these points. That is also why ADHD and entrepreneurship do not match. See latest research here - where we are talking about this - organizational skills, time management, team management, business and financial knowledge,orientation to constant learning and upgrading, curiosity, vision, etc.
Do Typical ADHD Traits Offer Advantages to Entrepreneurs?
Thank you, Stephan Lindstrom, for the exciting focus on the issue and the relevant issue. I'm not an expert on ADHD, but any idea or endeavour's ultimate goal is profit if we're talking about business. I'm not sure if personal characteristics in the context of ADND can lead to gain, but it's interesting to think.
There are three dimensions on the success of an enterprise; efficiency of its team, the character of its leader, and formal or informal business knowledge of its leader. So to be successful, first, a university student should be academically well educated on business administration. Second, she or he should gain leadership in social/student union clubs. Last, she or he should have good connections with the other students.
Yanica Dimitrova notice that are article said - ADHD and the effects offers several limitations for entrepreneurship.
Our view is that the perspective of ADHD and entrepreneurship is of restricted importance as a general perspective. Given the complexity of the role of entrepreneurs and the requirements set by different stakeholders in the organization, ADHD and the effects offers several limitations for entrepreneurship. This, in conjunction with difficulties in disorganized behavior and difficulties in completing tasks, does not lead to an affirmation of ADHD as a resource in terms of entrepreneurship.
Lets start from the basic. University students need to be exposed (at least to one or more business courses . That will help them to be familiar and get basic knowledge of the business environment and philoshophy.
Do not forget that after graduation all of them will either seek a paid employment or (most likely) they will try to start their own business .
The knowledge got from school along with their willingness to go ahead and risk by starting something new and totally theirs will bring to the surface their abilities , talents and stamina .
Dear Saeid,
I guess you may be trying to figure out a measurement for the entrepreneur skill or competency for your research. If this is the case, there are few sources you may consider; 1. The EU entrepreneur competence framework or "EntreComp" and 2. American framework called "DOL entrepreneurship competency model." I think they both are interesting and complex; it is good to learn something from them.
However, in reality, the only successful & profitable business is the one that proves the skill or competency of the entrepreneur.
Hope this helps & enjoy your passion.
Taatila, V., & Down, S. (2012). Measuring entrepreneurial orientation of university students. Education+ training.
Renko, M., El Tarabishy, A., Carsrud, A. L., & Brännback, M. (2015). Understanding and measuring entrepreneurial leadership style. Journal of small business Management, 53(1), 54-74.
A colleague and I created a clinical entrepreneurship skills assessment tool called the Readiness Inventory for Successful Entrepreneurship (RISE). You can find out more about it in this article:
Lyons, T.S., Lyons, J.S., & Jolley, G.J. (2020). Entrepreneurial skill-building in rural ecosystems: A framework for applying the Readiness Inventory for Successful Entrepreneurship (RISE). Journal of Entrepreneurship and Public Policy, 9 (1), 112-136.
It is being used with Entrepreneurship Majors at Santa Barbara City College and the University of Tennessee at Chattanooga to inform student coaching.
My colleagues and I created an assessment of both entrepreneurial skills and personality characteristics called the Entrepreneurial Mindset Profile (EMP). It doesn't measure knowledge. The EMP is administered around the world in academia and business to help students, founders and leaders identify and leverage entrepreneurial strengths and address any areas of concern.
Davis, M. H., Hall, J. A., & Mayer, P. (2016). Measuring the entrepreneurial mindset: The development of the Entrepreneurial Mindset Profile. Consulting Psychology Journal: Practice and Research, 68, 21-48.
Jennifer A. Hall Thank you - this is interesting - Entrepreneurial Mindset Profile (EMP) also I liked the name EMP, cuz our test we call EPT http://www.entrepreneurprofiletest.com/
Lots of assessments related to entrepreneurship on the market now!!
Dear, Saeid Karimi
Ambition. It is easy to give up when the going gets tough, but the most successful entrepreneurs persist because of their ambitious nature.
M. Dinesh Kumar thank you, do you think in terms like -
competitive in their orientation ?
Saeid Karimi I have an interesting viewpoint on your question. I have observed that captains of sports teams in the college, who regularly play against strong opposing teams with mixed results have a good chance of being a successful entrepreneur.
Entrepreneurship eventually boils down to hard work, motivation, people skills and ability to handle success or failure sportingly.
Bharanidharan Pandyan Thank you so much for sharing your viewpoint - I have noticed exactly the same. I have not done solid research on it,(1000) but have interviewed a few hundred who have done my EPT test, and also noticed it otherwise to many times for just being coincidences.
Bharanidharan Pandyan and Saeid Karimi and others, I wonder .. or think that captains in sport do not by definition become entrepreneurs, but the skills that are required or wishful for a team captain go hand in hand with what also is somehow required within entrepreneurship. Responsibility is one, leadership is another. Make a team work together for a common goal is another one. Anybody else who has thought about it ?
Dear Dr. Karimi
In my opinion, this problem can be partially solved by introducing prominent entrepreneurial personalities, as well as by creating appropriate facilities and removing obstacles such as lack of capital, licenses and correspondence from departments and agencies. Of course, the role of education is also very important in these issues.
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