I am interested in developing best practice guidelines for the use of discussion forums to support online distance learners. Do you have any resources and/or references that you recommend?
One useful habit I have picked up from colleagues and integrated quite successfully is to ask students or groups of students to take charge of facilitating discussions in the forum, in turn (does not have to be an evaluated task to work). Nice socio-constructivist flavour and it is very effective in getting participants to share actively and comfortably. .
I have been running a course using an online discussion forum for ten years. What I have found most important is to explain to the students why they should take the trouble to make good contributions. First I tell them that, their contributions are assessed, and then the discussion topics are directly related to their major assignments. What has also proved useful is to have peer assessment, so students gain insights into their own writing. For details see my student and tutors guides for ICT Sustainability: http://www.tomw.net.au/ict_sustainability/assessment.shtml
Hi Orna, Good luck with this great project! I've attached an assessment tool I'm trialling, and here are some ref's I have found useful:
Jeong, A. (2014). Quantitative analysis of interaction patterns in online distance education. In O. Zawacki-Richter & T. Anderson (Eds.), Online Distance Education : Towards a Research Agenda (pp. 403-420). Edmonton, Canada: Au Press.
Kim, Y., Glassman, M., & Williams, M. S. (2015). Connecting agents: Engagement and motivation in online collaboration. Computers in Human Behaviour, 49, 333-342. doi:10.1016/j.chb.2015.03.015
Paul, P., et al. (2016). Online and local area network (LAN) based eLearning interventions for medical doctors' education. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, 2016(3). doi:10.1002/14651858.CD012108
Song, L., & McNary, S. W. (2011). Understanding students' online interaction: Analysis of discussion board postings. Journal of Interactive Online Learning, 10(1), 1-14.
Walji, S., Deacon, A., Small, J., & Czerniewicz, L. (2016). Learning through engagement: MOOCs as an emergent form of provision. Distance education, 37(2), 208-223. doi:10.1080/01587919.2016.1184400
Xie, K. (2013). What do the numbers say? The influence of motivation and peer feedback on students’ behaviour in online discussions. British Journal of Educational Technology, 44(2), 288-301. doi:10.1111/j.1467-8535.2012.01291.x
Practice: as a past online learner there are no hard and fast rules in reality
Like in any groupwork you will have workers and non-workers so applying a PBL approach can minimise some of the problems
Ultimately, the best practice is to incorporate the online forums discussion in the assessment strategy since majority of learning and teaching cultures are driven by that main driving force
I've attached an updated discussion board task and marking rubric. The trial of assessing db contributions went well; participation was good and the quality of the posts markedly improved; there appeared to be more collegience (and sense of community); most students were happy that their contributions were worth marks; we have decided to use in other subjects. Liz
There are a lot of forums on the internet for educational topics but the best out of them all is definitely the Typeset Community. It is a discussion forum where people ask and tell about various educational topics like academic publishing, research writing, and more. It is very easy to look for particular topics on the website as there are different spaces made for different topics. I would highly recommend it as one of the best discussion forums on educational topics.
Dear Prof Orna Farrell , as Tom Worthington mentions, forums can be used either as a specific assignment or as a method to assess active participation. Moreover, I use them whenever possible to motivate distance education students through playful metaphors [1,2] towards a vibrant community of inquiry [3,4]. The great rubric by Liz Ware can be also useful if you decide to gamify your entire course [5].
[1] Mystakidis, S. (2021). Combat Tanking in Education - The TANC Model for Playful Distance Learning in Social Virtual Reality. International Journal of Gaming and Computer-Mediated Simulations, 13(4).
Article Combat Tanking in Education - The TANC Model for Playful Dis...
[2] Mystakidis, S., Filippousis, G., Tolis, D., & Tseregkouni, E. (2021). Playful Metaphors for Narrative-Driven E-Learning. Applied Sciences, 11(24), 11682. https://doi.org/10.3390/app112411682
Article Playful Metaphors for Narrative-Driven E-Learning
[3] Mystakidis, S. (2021). Motivation Enhancement Methods for Community Building in Extended Reality. In J. A. Fisher (Ed.), Augmented and Mixed Reality for Communities (pp. 265–282). https://doi.org/10.1201/9781003052838-17
Chapter Motivation Enhancement Methods for Community Building in Ext...
[4] Paulus, T., & Scherff, L. (2008). Can Anyone Offer any Words of Encouragement ?” Online Dialogue as a Support Mechanism for Preservice Teachers. Journal of Technology and Teacher Education, 16(1), 113–136. Retrieved from https://www.learntechlib.org/primary/p/22883/
Article "Can Anyone Offer any Words of Encouragement?" Online Dialog...
[5] Mystakidis, S. (2020). Distance Education Gamification in Social Virtual Reality: A Case Study on Student Engagement. In 11th International Conference on Information, Intelligence, Systems and Applications (IISA 2020) (pp. 1–6). Piraeus, Greece, 15-17 July 2020: IEEE. https://doi.org/10.1109/IISA50023.2020.9284417
Conference Paper Distance Education Gamification in Social Virtual Reality: A...
Stylianos Mystakidis, yes I have used assessed forums. But I am wary of gamification, in case students see this as trivial. What I like to do is have this a small part of the assessment (typically 1% or 2% per week for 12 weeks), to encourage students to work consistently through a course. ICT Sustainability is an example: https://www.tomw.net.au/ict_sustainability/assessment.shtml