Annals of Emergency Medicine has had several papers over the past decade, including at least one that used focus groups to assess ED decision-making for high-acuity pts: Calder et al., v. 60, no. 5, p. 567 (Nov. 2012). Good accompanying editorial, too. I'm not sure if the other papers used survey tools, but there were several useful discussions and editorials.
The study below reports an experiment--and not a survey--but provides a useful theoretical framework, fuzzy-trace theory.
Reyna, V. F., & Lloyd, F. J. (2006). Physician decision making and cardiac risk: effects of knowledge, risk perception, risk tolerance, and fuzzy processing. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Applied, 12(3), 179.
"Despite training, professionals sometimes make serious errors in risky decision making. The authors investigated judgments and decisions for 9 hypothetical patients at 3 levels of cardiac risk, comparing student and physician groups varying in domain-specific knowledge."