Hi everyone
I've different soils from an abandoned shooting range, with two depths (0-15 cm and 15-30 cm). I'm seeking a software for modeling the lead behavior in these soils with these depths, specially the weathering of lead bullets and your fate in soils (years to complete lead bullet weathering, etc.)
I've data of soil parameters [pH, organic matter, nitrogen, phosphorus, lead content (total, CaCl2 extracted and DTPA)] and climatic conditions (precipitation and temperature).
Also I have the migration rate of Pb in natural and polluted soils, approximate amount of pellets that were added to soil each year and number of pellets in each soil and at each depth.
I've seen some works that use WHAM or STELLA, but these software are privative.
Any know a free software, equation or a R package for simulate these conditions or weathering of lead bullet at these soil conditions?
Thanks
There is a great paper on this issue: Mapping and modeling three dimensional lead contamination in the wetland sediments of a former trap-shooting range; Science of the Total Environment 487 (2014) 72–81. I will try to send it to you.
Dear Alvaro Yamil and Gahul Amin
Thank you for the information. I will try them, although SYSTAT is a privative software. In any case, thanks for the reply.
Hi Douglas B. Sims
Thank you for attached paper, but I knew this paper.
In my case, I'm looking an equation or a software that in which it can integrate different soil properties and bullet characteristics to determine for example, knowing Pb inputs and knowing climatic conditions, how much time the Pb would be available.
I've seen some examples STELLA but I don't know A free software with which to do or if there is any equation with which to do it.
Regards
Andrés Rodríguez Seijo
This sounds like an interesting project, it's not in my field of work / analysis but I'll ask around, perhaps some of our defence tech guys know something
Hi Andres,
Though not exactly answering your question, a recent report from the Dutch Institute for Public Health (RIVM) on risk assessment of bullets on shooting ranges of the Ministry of Defense might help. It's about a tiered approach to determine the urgency of remediation, in which as a first step model calculations are used to predict effects on the ecosystem. From page 63 a quickscan on scientific literature (>50 references) is given, among these the process of weathering.
There is just one restriction: the report is in Dutch, with just a small English abstract.
You might contact the authors for more information. Link: http://www.rivm.nl/dsresource?objectid=rivmp:269897&type=org&disposition=inline&ns_nc=1
Dear Nial Harding and Marcel Severijnen
Thank you for the information, specially the RIVM report
IEUBK Model, EPACMTP model (EPA's Composite Model for Leachate Migration with Transformation Products) Try this web site: http://clu-in.org
If you do not have them, you should get the papers by the research group at the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers in Vicksburg Mississippi who have published on this topic. See for example: Chemosphere, 63(8) 1280-90, 2006, by William Andrew Martin et al. The title of this paper is Hydrated Lime for Metal Immobilization and Explosives Transformation: Field Demonstration. Andy has published many other related papers.
PHREEQC is a good free software for modeling. See http://wwwbrr.cr.usgs.gov/projects/GWC_coupled/phreeqc/.
Mapping and modeling three dimensional lead contamination in the
wetland sediments of a former trap-shooting range
Ryan L. Perroy a,⁎, Colin S. Belby b,1, Cody J.Mertens
Science of the Total Environment 487 (2014) 72–81
Another one can be found at: http://www.cdc.gov/nceh/lead/acclpp/SupplementalOct04/Lead%20Contamination%20in%20Shooting%20Range%20Soils-Hardison.pdf
Here is one more: http://www.mass.gov/eea/docs/dep/toxics/stypes/lsersk.pdf
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