I dont think we can generalized the most suitable water quality index. If you study at certain area, try to look the previous background study. Many countries have been proposed their water quality index, then you can use it. Environmental problem vary based on locality (country to country). thus not every proposed WQI suit for each other
It depends upon for what purpose water is used. When you use water for drinking purpose water quality index may be different than that of water quality index for irrigation purpose. You can calculate index value based on standard limiting value which again different from country to country. For reference you can use WHO or EPA standard...based on this you can calculate water quality index....
I agree with Wan Mohd Afiq Wan Mohd Khalik and D.R. Pathak. There exists local characteristics for water quality index and different purposes. I wonder if you want to know about the general water quality condition in natural stream?
indices of water quality are generally used to facilitate research of water quality. As there is a great variability of physical and chemical environmental parameters that can be measured, it must primarily know the land uses on the watershed in question. In your search, consider these important details. Often, an index that is appropriate to a region does not seem to be suitable for another.
but i have seen some research paper where one WQI Used for Drinking and surface water quality both so i was confused but i realized the main thing is WQI depend on the water quality uses and purposes
The protocols used for the USGS National Water Quality Program (NAWQA) may be a good place to start, as everything is extremely well documented. Whether you're looking for biological, water chemistry, etc., the protocols have been tuned over several decades, and also make it possible to compare your data to other data collected in using either the same method, or by older methods since the protocols are saved for just such purposes. You also have to take into consideration the size of the river or rivers you are examining, and if temporal or spatial analyses or both will be performed. The link to the protocols is attached. Good luck.
In Latin America there is a handbook of water quality index tht is very ineresting "Propuesta de un Indice de calidad de agua para la reguión de Latinoamérica y el Caribe" Pedro Avila Perez Daniel Cicerone Dejanira Da Costa y Patricia Bedregal. They use as basis the CCME
first of all, what the purpose of your study? Please, kindly see my ms on RG page or follow this link http://www.academia.edu/5691754/An_ecological_assessment_for_Tigris_River_within_Baghdad_Iraq
:
(An ecological assessment for Tigris River within Baghdad, Iraq )
In my opinion, WQI should be calculated on considering the contributions of all measured water parameters and the calculated value may be different for different ecosystems. Hence, the weight and ratings are also different. Similarly, the grade classifications on the basis of WQI value could be different.
according to my research experiences, I suggest the WQI such as OIP (overall index of pollution) AQUATIC TOXICITY INDEX, Oregon index and NSF WQIare suitable for the calculation or monitoring of the riverine system and some statistical technique such as PCA,CA ETC