Some years back I have expressed my views regarding the subject of psychology for which I submit herewith my views as follows ''For psychological knowledge in everyday practice , we cannot & should not merely relay on theological aspect of psychology.

This is my personal opinion

Rohit Manilal Parikh

I don't quite understand what you mean

In our country the base in psychology is the same = unified for all students.

Then you learn what theory you like most. After 5 years you choose what you want. You are extremely rude to me so

I am not going to answer you anymore.

You have raised an important query Duan Xian Xiang with respect to the scientific status of psychology. It is difficult to foresee the scientific development of psychological research, but at the moment I do not see a methodological chance to integrate or even unify theoretical views in the field(s) of psychology. The human image plays a key role, in terms of the psychological research direction and there is no general consensus, in terms of what is researched into: if the research is exact and parametric, you will be able to define some minor variables of human behavior, not to speak about action. Everything that is exciting (i.e. not boring) in the fieldof psychology, cannot be defined in parameters. My answer to your question is=no, but I do not rule out a methodological breakthrough, which can combine the humanistic view with tech-know-logical precision in real time; the physiology of human behavior may be the key ballpark for this paradigmatic advancement, because medicine and psychology are complementary sciences, if we look upon practical relevance of results for us humans and not perfected academic artifacts.

Stephen I. Ternyik

And I'm talking about the problem of methodology, no longer using the reductionism of physics, but using the method of complex science. The human psychology as a system, from which the analysis of the "psychological process", we use the "psychological process" this thing to describe the psychological law.

Stephen I. Ternyik

Every field of psychology is studying the psychological process, so since they are studying the psychological process, why not just use the "psychological process" as a common element to build a general theory? Psychoanalysis is originally designed to find the psychological process, and cognitive behavioral therapy has ways to modify the psychological process, so that all schools of psychology can be integrated.

Agreement Duan Xian Xiang Good methodical pathway: from the general observation of processes towards the formulation of specific probabilistic principles, in terms of a lawful hierarchy of behavior (….situation……mentalization……response=neurological control approach, for example).

Good luck with your research !

Stephen I. Ternyik

Thank you very much. My approach actually exists in cognitive behavioral therapy, and I'm just trying to extend it to all areas of psychology. Cognitive behavioral therapy does this, first by asking and conceptualizing cases to find the "automatic thinking and beliefs", and then modify these " automatic thinking and beliefs." Automatic thinking, belief" is the psychological process. That is to say, we first use various methods such as  Case conceptualization to find the psychological process of patients, and then study various methods to help patients modify this psychological process. That is how the theory works.

Stephen I. Ternyik

That is, this integrated psychology approach is not derived from me, it already exists in cognitive behavioral therapy. It includes three steps: discovering the psychological process, writing down the psychological process in natural language, and modifying the psychological process. And I think this practice can be generalized to all areas of psychology.

Multiple case or collective studies Duan Xian Xiang can use information from different studies to formulate the case for a new study. The use of past studies allows additional information without needing to spend more time and money on additional studies. Such studies are often used to examine the relationship between theory and practice, and to explore the connections between different areas of a research field; you may find the maths topics raised in the link as methodical inspiration for your research:

https://www.maths.ox.ac.uk/research/case-studies

In any case, good luck !👍

Thanks.

However, the deficiency of cognitive psychology is that its research object is only "cognition", and the psychological processes of these cognition are very basic, such as "perception, attention, memory, representation" and so on. So, why not study the other psychological processes? For example, "the psychological process of anorexia", "the psychological process of character", such as "the psychological process of depression", "the psychological process of schizophrenia"?

A complete and such general psychological theory should include three parts: discovery of psychological process + process model + modification of psychological process.

Yes, I believe all "schools" of psychology, as we know them today, will eventually disappear and be replaced by neuroscience and neuroscientific psychiatry.

Vahid Rakhshan

You're talking about reductionism, just like a computer chip, and psychology is a computer software, not a hardware chip.

I believe the integration of different perspective into one is a possibility..theoretical assumption are being seen as historical and not scientific thus we are seeing a shift in the understanding of behaviour with more inclination to the bio-psychology ideology..neuropsychology is more reliant now esp in clinical psychology ...causality of behaviour is thoroughly being explained through experimental and Neuro imaging

Boyd Ngandwe

Can use" psychological process " as an element to unify the various schools of psychology?

Duan Xian Xiang I have no idea what you are talking about when connecting my comment in any way to reductionism.

Regardless, if you were familiar with computers, you would know that even software is ultimately nothing but hardware.

Yes, I do think it is possible to create unified integrated way to work in psychotherapy. I think it is necessary otherwise the field will never be fully appreciated by other professions and especially not by the world of medicine. But, for this to happen, a little less personal pride is needed in each of the psychotherapeutic approaches and a real willingness to examine the benefits of each of the over 750 psychotherapeutic approaches that exist today. In a twisted way, each psychotherapeutic approach claims to be the best and that the others are not good enough. Moreover, it is necessary to bridge and choose a common language. In medicine - bone is bone - there is a mutual agreement among all medical doctors all over the planet to call this white hard tissue - a bone. However, psychotherapy, is the only profession I know where the same word can have different and sometimes completely opposite meanings, for example 'ego' in psychoanalysis versus 'ego' in Buddhist psychology, or unconscious in psychoanalysis and unconscious in medicine. Or the different use that the world of psychotherapy makes of the word: allostasis (McEwen BS, Stellar E. Stress and the individual: mechanisms leading to

disease. Arch Intern Med 1993;153:2093-101. & McEwen 1998 in New Journal of Medicien ) , a word that came from the world of medicine and whose original meaning is different than the way most psychological writers use it - in my opinion, they use it in a slightly too creative way, too different form the original meaning. In contrast, the exact same ideas are called by different names by different psychotherapeutic approaches, although it is quite clear that they mean exactly the same thing, or at least something very similar. Another element that harms this area is the tendency of certain psychotherapeutic approaches to 'steal' ideas from different psychotherapeutic approaches and then claim that it is the fruit of their personal creation. As is now, for example, the case with content developed in the world of body-psychotherapy & somatic psychology, ideas and methods about embodiment are 'stolen' and used without crediting their sources. I don't know what drives the world of psychotherapy in general to that direction, a world that should have confidence in communication skills and human dignity, to create a world so confused and conflicted within itself, with such undeveloped and disrespectful communication.

Elya Steinberg

You said it all too well, I think "psychological processes" can integrate various psychotherapy. And this approach is already used in "cognitive-behavioral therapy". It uses three steps: discovering psychological processes, such as using case generalization to find "automatic thinking and beliefs," and then describing these beliefs in natural language, and the third step is to modify these beliefs.

Elya Steinberg

In other words, the "psychological process" is what you call a unified language, which can describe the various fields of psychology.

Elya Steinberg

Various theories of psychology lack common language, no unified description name, the reason should be that the law of psychology does not have an effective description tool. Physics has mathematical equations, but psychology does not, and the tools of psychological laws is not mathematical equations.

Yes, they can be integrated and unified inn their concern with human relationship sciences and practices, as studied and advanced from various perspectives.