Gender selection is a continuum. It starts with ratio of x- and y-bearing sperm in animals, continues with the oocyte's potential control of which sperm fertilizes the oocyte, continues with differences between genders in embryo survival, continues with postnatal rearing (often biased by the mother or father), continues with mortality from diseases or conflicts and finally continues by different lifespans between males and females in late adulthood. It is not a simple problem to study, because there are great differences among species. Look at honeybees where most of the population is sterile females and where there is one queen per hive that mates with multiple males to produce offspring that vary in gender and are raised differently to produce different types of adults.
I would think there are several reasons. There are some cultures that still believe boys carry on the name. Of course, I am diametrically opposed to this kind of archiac thinking. It is assumed women take on their husband's name and therefore do not carry on the name. I never took my husband's name. My name is from birth.
Also some natios like India and China have more male babies than female maybe because in the past when females were born in generations past ijnfanticide was practiced. I believe this is now outlawed in both nations.
Also, there are still stereotypes that boys are better in math and science tja, girls and some still believe that girls should be barefoot and pregnant.Thank God these opinions are fading away as people become more enlightened. As I showed in my dissertation research, that traditionally females were not encouraged in math and science and had few role models. Since that is showly changing more and more females are entering STEM fields.
Sometimes gender selection may be for religious reasons or even health reasons. Forr example some males carry the fragile X gene causing mental disabiities even though Y is the male chromosome. Moreoever, hemophiliacs are mostly males as a female would not survive her firs mentrual period.
also there could be hormonal issues and it seems that females are more prone to transferences and fibromyalgia than males as I am one with fibromyalgia who contracted it through a transference seeing Eli Manning injured in Dec 2013.
Moroever, gender selection gender selection may be to increase diversity by having an equal numbr of both genders or selecting a specific gender for a specific task as in fixed gender roles which thank God is slowly fadi,,g away. For example since my husband is intellectually disabled and I am physically disabled and chronically ill, he does the physical things and household chores and I do the finances and intellectual tasks, reverse gender roles. However, this is becoming more common as people become more enlighthened and husbands become more involved in household duties, with more women having demandijng carers. I have a more demandijng career than my husband for ex as I am the breadwinner and he works part time. again, reverse gender roles are at play. Thus, there are many reasons for gender selection from health, medical, hormonal, socal, faimilial, gender attitues, etc