Within all assumption made on these theories, ... did you think upon your academic and general point of view.. that it will match all cases, .. without no more assumptions...?
Must of theories of structural analysis are based on analytical approaches to represent the behavior of the materials,assumptions,and checking for range of the validity of such methods.some of there methods depend on linear behavior,some based on nonlinear behavior,others are developed to represent more complex material behavior.thus, the degree of confidence on analytical methods is good.
It depends on what you are looking for. In my opinion, you are partially right on mentioning the fact that more assumptions are possible, but for sure on the other side, we can state that SA is a valid support for scientists. It helps you to share knowledge and to adopt a standard procedure to observe and comment facts.
I have the different opinion. The theories may be trusted based on experimental verification, validity of assumptions in the theory, relevance of the final results etc.
Theories based on linear elastic analysis are highly conservative, especially in case of analysis of indeterminate structures. The plastic limit is always reached at load levels higher than those obtained from those theories. For theories based on numerical analysis, there could be inconsistency between results obtained from various numerical models.