Are there any cases where Romans used the term "decimatio" in a nonmilitary sense? Or were all uses of "decimatio" implicitly referring to cases of "decimatio legionis" ?
Please give examples and sources for nonmilitary uses, if any.
I tried an research in the latinitium dictionaries (Lewis and Short) : https://latinitium.com/latin-dictionaries/?t=lsn12490
"dĕcĭmātĭo, ōnis, f. [decimo], the taking of a tenth.
I. A tithing: omnis, Vulg. Tobiae, 1, 7.
II. A selecting by lot of every tenth man for punishment, decimation, Capitol. Macr. 12.
III. A tenth: adhuc in ea decimatio, Vulg. Isa. 6, 13."
The military punishment is the most common sense. There is an article about it : Article Decimatio: Myth, Discipline, and Death in the Roman Republic
by Michael J. Taylor, Antichthon , Volume 56 , 2022 , pp. 105 - 120
Abstract : "The military punishment of decimatio, the cudgelling by lot of one in ten men in a disgraced unit, often described as a cornerstone of Roman military discipline, was never practised during the third and second centuries BC. The punishment was possibly used as an extraordinary measure a couple of times in the fifth and fourth centuries BC. It soon fell into total desuetude but was cultivated as a rhetorical construct that proclaimed theoretical powers commanders no longer dared effect. It was only revived, or rather reinvented, during the Late Republic, a violent moment that saw the confluence of antiquarian enthusiasm with military dynasts whose unrestrained powers allowed them to manifest what had previously been an aristocratic talking point."
In the vulgate, there is another entries "tenth" or the tax "tithing, tithe".