Dermatophytes fungi grow on human skin and cause brown lesions spread on the skin especially nick , chest and armpit. Please kindly tell me about the optimal treatments.
- localement, les antifongiques classiques vendus en pharmacie, après toilette vigoureuse et volontiers badigeon avec uns solution également antifungique, la plus simple (et active!) étant l'alcool iodo salicylé à 1,2%
- par voie générale un anti dermatophyte de pharmacie si la maladie est étendue, ou s'il s'agit d'une localisation sur le cuir chevelu.
Several human skin diseases and disorders are associated with two groups of fungi, the dermatophytes and Malassezia. Although these skin-related problems are not generally life threatening, they are among the most common diseases and disorders of mankind. These fungi are phylogenetically divergent, with the dermatophytes within the Ascomycota and Malassezia within Basidiomycota. Genome analysis indicates that the adaptations to the skin environment are different in these two groups of fungi. Malassezia are dependent on host lipids and secrete lipases and phospholipases that likely release host fatty acids. The dermatophytes encode multiple enzymes with potential roles in modulating host interactions: polyketide synthases, nonribosomal peptide synthetases, LysM, proteases, kinases, and pseudokinases. These two fungal groups have maximized their interactions with the host using two very different mechanisms.
Fungal culture medium is used for positive identification of the species. Usually fungal growth is noted in 5 to 14 days. Microscopic morphology of the micro- and macroconidia is the most reliable identification character, but a good slide preparation is needed, and also needed is the stimulation of sporulation in some strains. Culture characteristics such as surface texture, topography and pigmentation are variable so they are the least reliable criteria for identification.
A special agar called Dermatophyte Test Medium (DTM) has been formulated to grow and identify dermatophytes. Without having to look at the colony, the hyphae, or macroconidia - one can identify the dermatophyte by a simple color test. The specimen (scraping from skin, nail, or hair) is embedded in the DTM culture medium. It is incubated at room temperature for 10 to 14 days. If the fungus is a dermatophyte, the medium will turn bright red. If the fungus is not a dermatophyte, no color change will be noted. If kept beyond 14 days, false positive can result even with non-dermatophytes. Topical medications like clotrimazole, butenafine, miconazole, and terbinafine. Systemic medications (oral) like fluconazole, griseofulvin, terbinafine, and itraconizole. Tea tree oil
Dear Dr. Yehya A. Salih I think Dr. P. De Beer speaks Swahili
The translation of his answer is
If Trichophyton rubrum:
- Locally, traditional antifungal drugs are sold in pharmacy, having a strong and delicious bath with more than one antifungal solution, the simplest (and active!) Is the iodo saltedl alcohol in 1.2%
- Generally anti-dermatological drug if the disease is extended or whether it is located on the scalp
Its not easy to identify this case without pictures or clinical observation but the typical treatment of dermatophytes are Clotrimazole and Ketaconazole and Nystatin
It depends on the affected sites. For instance, for tinea capitis and ungueum, I always prescribe oral antifungals, either terbinafine or itraconazole, according to the patient clinical aspects and tolerance. I prefer the treatment in pulses, high doses for one week, followed by a three-week pause. The duration also depends on the location. For toenails tinea it may be necessary 4 to 6 months of treatment for the clinical and microbiologic cure. On the other hand, for localised infections (tinea cruris, tinea pedis), I usually prescribe topical antifungals, unless it has been shown to be resistant or refractory to previous treatments, Hope it helps.
Oral antifungals I often prescribe are itraconazole and terbibafine, depending on the etiology. And yes, it has been reported the development of resistant fungal strains.